Pham Van Hong Thi, Kim Jaisoo, Chang Soonwoong, Chung Woojin
Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Graduate School of Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Korea.
Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science of Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Korea.
Microorganisms. 2022 Mar 13;10(3):610. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10030610.
Rapid industrialization has led to the pollution of soil and water by various types of contaminants. Heavy metals (HMs) are considered the most reactive toxic contaminants, even at low concentrations, which cause health problems through accumulation in the food chain and water. Remediation using conventional methods, including physical and chemical techniques, is a costly treatment process and generates toxic by-products, which may negatively affect the surrounding environment. Therefore, biosorption has attracted significant research interest in the recent decades. In contrast to existing methods, bacterial biomass offers a potential alternative for recovering toxic/persistent HMs from the environment through different mechanisms for metal ion uptake. This review provides an outlook of the advantages and disadvantages of the current bioremediation technologies and describes bacterial groups, especially extremophiles with biosorbent potential for heavy metal removal with relevant examples and perspectives.
快速工业化导致土壤和水被各种污染物污染。重金属即使在低浓度下也被认为是最具活性的有毒污染物，它们通过在食物链和水中积累而引发健康问题。使用包括物理和化学技术在内的传统方法进行修复是一个成本高昂的处理过程，并且会产生有毒副产品，这可能会对周围环境产生负面影响。因此，生物吸附在最近几十年引起了广泛的研究兴趣。与现有方法相比，细菌生物质通过不同的金属离子吸收机制，为从环境中回收有毒/持久性重金属提供了一种潜在的替代方案。本综述展望了当前生物修复技术的优缺点，并描述了细菌群体，特别是具有生物吸附潜力以去除重金属的极端微生物，并给出了相关实例和观点。
