Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191, China.
Jimenli Community Health Service Center, North Third Ring West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100088, China.
BMC Geriatr. 2022 Apr 1;22(1):272. doi: 10.1186/s12877-022-02962-3.
Falls are a common and serious public health issue among older adults, contributing to the loss of independence, psychological distress, and incapability to engage in meaningful occupations, etc. However, there is a lack of abundant information about the fall risk self-evaluation scale for community-dwelling older people. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the preliminary reliability and validity of the fall risk self-assessment scale (FRSAS) among community-dwelling older adults.
A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 230 individuals aged 65 years and over were recruited by a convenience sampling between October and December 2020 from three communities in Haidian district, Beijing. Eligible participants were required to fill in the general condition questionnaire and the fall risk self-assessment scale. The reliability and validity were analyzed by using SPSS 20.0.
Two hundred twenty-two participants completed the assessment as required (the completion rate was 96.52%). The most items of FRSAS were understood by older adults, which was completed in 10 min. Cronbach's α and intraclass correlation coefficient ICC (2,1) of the scale were 0.757 and 0.967 respectively, suggesting good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Exploratory factor analysis yielded 14 factors that explained 61.744% of the variance. Five items failed to be categorized into any factors because the factor loading of these items was less than 0.4. A future large-sample study needs to be conducted to explore its construct validity. The total scores and dimensional scores except for C-dimension showed significant differences between participants who had experienced a fall in the previous 6 months and those who had not (P < 0.05), indicating good discriminant validity.
The fall risk self-assessment scale including 41 items demonstrated relatively high feasibility as well as satisfactory results in the internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and discriminant validity.
Registration number: ChiCTR2000038856 ; Date of registration: 7 Oct 2020.
跌倒在老年人中是一个常见且严重的公共卫生问题，会导致丧失独立性、心理困扰和无法从事有意义的职业等。然而，关于社区居住老年人的跌倒风险自我评估量表的信息并不丰富。因此，本研究旨在评估社区居住老年人跌倒风险自我评估量表（FRSAS）的初步信度和效度。
采用横断面研究方法。2020 年 10 月至 12 月，通过便利抽样法从北京市海淀区 3 个社区招募了 230 名 65 岁及以上的老年人。合格的参与者需要填写一般情况问卷和跌倒风险自我评估量表。采用 SPSS 20.0 进行信度和效度分析。
222 名参与者按要求完成评估（完成率为 96.52%）。FRSAS 的大部分项目老年人都能理解，完成时间为 10 分钟。量表的 Cronbach's α 和组内相关系数 ICC（2,1）分别为 0.757 和 0.967，表明具有良好的内部一致性和重测信度。探索性因子分析得出 14 个因子，解释了 61.744%的方差。5 个项目由于这些项目的因子负荷小于 0.4，未能归入任何因子。需要进行未来的大样本研究来探索其结构效度。在过去 6 个月内经历过跌倒的参与者与未经历过跌倒的参与者之间，总分和除 C 维度外的各维度得分均有显著差异（P<0.05），表明具有良好的区分效度。
包括 41 个项目的跌倒风险自我评估量表具有较高的可行性，在内部一致性、重测信度和区分效度方面均取得了较好的结果。
注册号：ChiCTR2000038856；注册日期：2020 年 10 月 7 日。
