Gao Youhui, Zhang Yue, Cheng Xiaoqian, Zheng Zehui, Wu Xuehong, Dong Xuehui, Hu Yuegao, Wang Xiaofen
College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Biotechnology Research Institute, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Mar 31;13:823704. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.823704. eCollection 2022.
Root rot caused by the pathogenic fungi of the genus poses a great threat to the yield and quality of medicinal plants. The application of Agricultural Jiaosu (AJ), which contains beneficial microbes and metabolites, represents a promising disease control strategy. However, the action-effect of AJ on root rot disease remains unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the characteristics and antifungal activity of AJ fermented using waste leaves and stems of medicinal plants, and elucidated the mechanisms of AJ action by quantitative real-time PCR and redundancy analysis. The effects of AJ and antagonistic microbes isolated from it on disease suppression were further validated through a pot experiment. Our results indicate that the AJ was rich in beneficial microorganisms (, , and ), organic acids (acetic, formic, and butyric acids) and volatile organic compounds (alcohols and esters). It could effectively inhibit and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) was 13.64%. The antifungal contribution rate of the microbial components of AJ reached 46.48%. Notably, the redundancy analysis revealed that the and genera occupied the main niche during the whole inhibition process. Moreover, the abundance of the , , and genera were positively correlated with the pH-value, lactic, formic and butyric acids. The results showed that the combined effects of beneficial microbes and organic acid metabolites increased the efficacy of the AJ antifungal activity. The isolation and identification of AJ's antagonistic microbes detected 47 isolates that exhibited antagonistic activities against . In particular, and presented the strongest antifungal activity. In the pot experiment, the application of AJ and these two species significantly reduced the disease incidence of root rot and promoted the growth of . The present study provides a cost-effective method to control of root rot disease, and establishes a whole-plant recycling pattern to promote the sustainable development of medicinal plant cultivation.
该属致病真菌引起的根腐病对药用植物的产量和品质构成了巨大威胁。含有有益微生物和代谢产物的农用酵素（AJ）的应用是一种很有前景的病害防治策略。然而，AJ对根腐病的作用效果仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们评估了利用药用植物废弃叶和茎发酵的AJ的特性和抗真菌活性，并通过定量实时PCR和冗余分析阐明了AJ的作用机制。通过盆栽试验进一步验证了AJ及其分离出的拮抗微生物对病害抑制的效果。我们的结果表明，AJ富含有益微生物（、和）、有机酸（乙酸、甲酸和丁酸）和挥发性有机化合物（醇类和酯类）。它能有效抑制，半数最大抑制浓度（IC）为13.64%。AJ微生物成分的抗真菌贡献率达到46.48%。值得注意的是，冗余分析表明，在整个抑制过程中，和属占据了主要生态位。此外，、和属的丰度与pH值、乳酸、甲酸和丁酸呈正相关。结果表明，有益微生物和有机酸代谢产物的联合作用提高了AJ抗真菌活性的功效。对AJ拮抗微生物的分离和鉴定检测到47株对具有拮抗活性的菌株。特别是，和表现出最强的抗真菌活性。在盆栽试验中，施用AJ和这两个物种显著降低了根腐病的发病率，并促进了的生长。本研究提供了一种经济有效的防治根腐病的方法，并建立了一种全植株循环利用模式，以促进药用植物栽培的可持续发展。
