Caesarendra Wahyu, Hishamuddin Taufiq Aiman, Lai Daphne Teck Ching, Husaini Asmah, Nurhasanah Lisa, Glowacz Adam, Alfarisy Gusti Ahmad Fanshuri
Faculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei.
Institute of Applied Data Analytics, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2022 Mar 24;12(4):795. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics12040795.
This paper presents an automatic ECG signal classification system that applied the Deep Learning (DL) model to classify four types of ECG signals. In the first part of our work, we present the model development. Four different classes of ECG signals from the PhysioNet open-source database were selected and used. This preliminary study used a Deep Learning (DL) technique namely Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to classify and predict the ECG signals from four different classes: normal, sudden death, arrhythmia, and supraventricular arrhythmia. The classification and prediction process includes pulse extraction, image reshaping, training dataset, and testing process. In general, the training accuracy achieved up to 95% after 100 epochs. However, the prediction of each ECG single type shows a differentiation. Among the four classes, the results show that the predictions for sudden death ECG waveforms are the highest, i.e., 80 out of 80 samples are correct (100% accuracy). In contrast, the lowest is the prediction for normal sinus ECG waveforms, i.e., 74 out of 80 samples are correct (92.5% accuracy). This is due to the image features of normal sinus ECG waveforms being almost similar to the image features of supraventricular arrhythmia ECG waveforms. However, the model has been tuned to achieve an optimal prediction. In the second part, we presented the hardware implementation with the predictive model embedded in an NVIDIA Jetson Nanoprocessor for the online and real-time classification of ECG waveforms.
本文提出了一种自动心电图信号分类系统,该系统应用深度学习(DL)模型对四种类型的心电图信号进行分类。在我们工作的第一部分,我们介绍了模型开发。从PhysioNet开源数据库中选择并使用了四类不同的心电图信号。这项初步研究使用了一种深度学习(DL)技术,即卷积神经网络(CNN),对来自四个不同类别的心电图信号进行分类和预测:正常、猝死、心律失常和室上性心律失常。分类和预测过程包括脉搏提取、图像重塑、训练数据集和测试过程。一般来说,经过100个epoch后,训练准确率达到了95%。然而,对每种心电图单一类型的预测存在差异。在这四类中,结果表明对猝死心电图波形的预测最高,即80个样本中有80个正确(准确率100%)。相比之下,对正常窦性心电图波形的预测最低,即80个样本中有74个正确(准确率92.5%)。这是因为正常窦性心电图波形的图像特征与室上性心律失常心电图波形的图像特征几乎相似。然而,该模型已经进行了调整以实现最佳预测。在第二部分中,我们介绍了硬件实现,即将预测模型嵌入到NVIDIA Jetson纳米处理器中,用于心电图波形的在线和实时分类。