Kassis Wassilis, Aksoy Dilan, Favre Céline Anne, Janousch Clarissa, Artz Sibylle Talmon-Gros
Department of Research & Development, School of Education, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 5210 Windisch, Switzerland.
School of Child and Youth Care, University of Victoria, Coast Salish Territories, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.
Children (Basel). 2022 Apr 13;9(4):553. doi: 10.3390/children9040553.
Internationally, about 25% of all children experience physical abuse by their parents. Despite the numerous odds against them, about 30% of adolescents who have experienced even the most serious forms of physical abuse by their parents escape the vicious family violence cycle. In this study, we analyzed longitudinally the data from a sample of = 1767 seventh-grade high school students in Switzerland on physical abuse by their parents. We did this by conducting an online questionnaire twice within the school year. We found that in our sample, about 30% of the participating adolescents' parents had physically abused them. We considered violence resilience a multi-systemic construct that included the absence of psychopathology on one hand and both forms of well-being (psychological and subjective) on the other. Our latent construct included both feeling good (hedonic indicators, such as high levels of self-esteem and low levels of depression/anxiety and dissociation) and doing well (eudaimonic indicators, such as high levels of self-determination and self-efficacy as well as low levels of aggression toward peers). By applying a person-oriented analytical approach via latent transition analysis with a sub-sample of students who experienced physical abuse (n = 523), we identified and compared longitudinally four distinct violence-resilience patterns and their respective trajectories. By applying to the field of resilience, one of the most compelling insights of well-being research (Deci & Ryan, 2001), we identified violence resilience as a complex, multidimensional latent construct that concerns hedonic and eudaimonic well-being and is not solely based on terms of psychopathology.
在国际上，约25%的儿童遭受父母的身体虐待。尽管面临诸多不利因素，但约30%曾遭受父母最严重身体虐待形式的青少年摆脱了恶性循环的家庭暴力。在本研究中，我们对瑞士1767名七年级高中生样本中父母身体虐待的数据进行了纵向分析。我们通过在学年内两次进行在线问卷调查来做到这一点。我们发现，在我们的样本中，约30%参与调查的青少年的父母曾对他们进行身体虐待。我们认为暴力复原力是一个多系统的概念，一方面包括没有精神病理学问题，另一方面包括两种幸福感形式（心理幸福感和主观幸福感）。我们的潜在概念既包括感觉良好（享乐指标，如高自尊水平、低抑郁/焦虑和分离水平），也包括表现良好（幸福指标，如高自主水平和自我效能感以及对同伴的低攻击水平）。通过对遭受身体虐待的学生子样本（n = 523）应用基于潜在转变分析的以人为本的分析方法，我们纵向识别并比较了四种不同的暴力复原力模式及其各自的轨迹。通过将幸福感研究（德西 & 瑞安，2001）中最引人注目的见解之一应用于复原力领域，我们将暴力复原力确定为一个复杂的、多维的潜在概念，它涉及享乐和幸福幸福感，且不仅仅基于精神病理学方面。
