Department of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 11;19(8):4598. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19084598.
This study analyzes the activity level and nature of organized football training (deliberate practice, DPR), compared with when children play football on their own (deliberate play, DPL), in a sample of selected (YT) and non-selected (BT) talents. A total of 29 observations were analyzed over 2650 min, focusing on the kind of activity, variability, and intensity of the training. In DPL, there are more finishing on goal, involvement, and challenges in 1:1 situation, and more ball touches and ball transport in games, compared with DPR. Additionally, DPL has more activity time (68% vs. 56%) and fewer breaks overall (32% vs. 44%). In DPL, children spend more time playing against each other (92% vs. 36%), and most of the time there are games or finishing on goal. In DPR, children spend more time playing together with someone (2% vs. 44%) and in passing and receiving the ball. DPR training contains more standardized exercises and protected situations. DPR-YT training differs from DPR-BT training with less activity time, ball touches, attempts on goal, and 1:1 situations. In conclusion, the results support DPL providing more football-specific activity. More DPR training at the expense of DPL might reduce practice time for skill development.
本研究分析了有组织的足球训练（刻意练习，DPR）和儿童自主踢足球（自由练习，DPL）的活动水平和性质，研究对象是选定（YT）和非选定（BT）人才样本。在 2650 分钟的时间里，对 29 次观察进行了分析，重点关注活动类型、可变性和训练强度。与 DPR 相比，在 DPL 中，更多的射门、参与和 1:1 情况下的挑战，以及更多的触球和球的运输。此外，DPL 的活动时间更长（68%比 56%），总休息时间更少（32%比 44%）。在 DPL 中，孩子们更多地相互比赛（92%比 36%），大部分时间都在玩游戏或射门。在 DPR 中，孩子们更多地与某人一起玩耍（2%比 44%），并传球和接球。DPR 训练包含更多标准化的练习和受保护的情况。DPR-YT 训练与 DPR-BT 训练的区别在于活动时间、触球次数、射门次数和 1:1 情况较少。总之，结果支持 DPL 提供更多的足球特定活动。更多的 DPR 训练可能会减少技能发展的练习时间。
