Effect of -Induced Systemic Resistance and Basal Immunity Against and in Wheat.

Wheat is among the top 10 and most widely grown crops in the world. However, wheat is often infected with many soil-borne diseases, including sharp eyespot, mainly caused by the necrotrophic fungus , and Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by , resulting in reduced production. is a root endophytic fungus with a wide range of host plants, which increases their growth and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, the capability of to protect wheat seedlings against and was investigated at the physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. Our results showed that significantly reduced the disease progress on wheat caused by and , but not showed any antagonistic effect on and . Additionally, can induce systemic resistance by elevating HO content, antioxidase activity, relative water content (RWC), and membrane stability index (MSI) compared to the plants only inoculated with or and control. RNA-seq suggested that transcriptome changes caused by were more severe than those caused by The number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the transcriptome can be reduced by the addition of for reduced by 18% and for reduced 58%. The DEGs related to disease resistance, such as WRKY and MAPK, were upregulated by colonization. The data further revealed that the transcriptional resistance to and mediated by is quite different.