Li Zongjie, Sun Qing, Li Yuhao, Guan Zhixin, Wei Jianchao, Li Beibei, Liu Ke, Shao Donghua, Mi Rongsheng, Liu Haixia, Qiu Yafeng, Ma Zhiyong
Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China.
Beijing Huayuan Biotechnology Research Institute, Beijing, China.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Apr 19;13:872230. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.872230. eCollection 2022.
The detection dogs are well-known for their excellent capabilities to sense different kinds of smells, which can play an important role in completing various searching and rescuing missions. The recent studies have demonstrated that the excellent olfactory function of detection dogs might be related with the gut microbes the bidirectional communications between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain. In this study, the gut microbial communities of three types of breeds of detection dogs (Springer Spaniel, Labrador Retriever, and German Shepherd) were studied and compared. The results revealed that the richness and the diversity of gut microbiome German Shepherd dogs were significantly higher than the Labrador Retriever dogs and the Springer Spaniel dogs. At the phylum level, the most predominant gut microbial communities of the detection dogs were comprised of Fusobacteriota, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Campilobacterota, and Actinobacteriota. At the genus level the most predominant gut microbial communities were comprised of , and . However, the gut microbial communities of the three dogs group were also obviously different. The mean relative abundance of , and presented significant differences in the three groups. According to the portraits and characteristics of the gut microbiome in young detection dogs, multiple kinds of nutritional interventions could be applied to manipulate the gut microbiota, with the aim of improving the health states and the olfactory performances.
缉毒犬以其出色的嗅觉能力而闻名，这在完成各种搜索和救援任务中可以发挥重要作用。最近的研究表明，缉毒犬出色的嗅觉功能可能与肠道微生物群以及胃肠道与大脑之间的双向通讯有关。在本研究中，对三种品种的缉毒犬（史宾格犬、拉布拉多猎犬和德国牧羊犬）的肠道微生物群落进行了研究和比较。结果显示，德国牧羊犬肠道微生物群的丰富度和多样性显著高于拉布拉多猎犬和史宾格犬。在门水平上，缉毒犬最主要的肠道微生物群落由梭杆菌门、拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、变形菌门、弯曲杆菌门和放线菌门组成。在属水平上，最主要的肠道微生物群落由……组成。然而，这三组犬的肠道微生物群落也明显不同。……的平均相对丰度在三组中呈现出显著差异。根据幼年缉毒犬肠道微生物群的特征，可以采用多种营养干预措施来调控肠道微生物群，以改善其健康状况和嗅觉表现。
