中国宁夏校园足球损伤的流行病学：发生、原因和管理。
Epidemiology of Campus Football Injuries in Ningxia, China: Occurrence, Causes, and Management.
机构信息
College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
Hunan Institute of Sport Science, Changsha, China.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2022 Apr 26;10:893541. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.893541. eCollection 2022.
OBJECTIVE
By 2022, the Chinese government intends to have more than 30 million primary-, middle- and high-school children and adolescents regularly participate in campus football. In contrast, epidemiology of campus football injuries is completely missing. The goal of this descriptive epidemiological study was to determine the current state of campus football injuries and then to recommend appropriate prevention and management strategies.
METHODS
This retrospective epidemiological study conducted a survey of students, physical education and football teachers in primary, middle and high schools in the Ningxia Autonomous Region to determine the campus football injuries that occurred throughout the preceding 12-month period. The survey comprised questions on demographic characteristics, the occurrence, causes, and management of campus football injuries.
RESULTS
A total of 1,285 students and 200 teachers returned eligible surveys. 25.7% of students had encountered injury accidents while participating in campus football activities. 31.3% of high school students, 23.8% of middle school students, and 19.2% of primary school students have sustained injuries. Football competition, accounting for 45.4% of all injuries, is the leading cause of injury. Football class teaching, which accounted for 3.0% of all injuries, had the lowest injury rate of any campus football activity. Students and teachers reported that a lack of safety awareness and injury prevention education were the primary causes of injuries. Only 18.7% and 11.4% of students are familiar with first aid basics and cardiopulmonary resuscitation, respectively. 10.6% and 7.5% of students lack any first aid basics and skills, respectively. 43.9% of students lack insurance coverage for athletic injuries. 62.5% and 38.5% of teachers reported that schools lack first aid training and an emergency plan for injuries, respectively.
CONCLUSION
Students in Ningxia's campus football programs have a high injury risk. Injury prevention and management strategies lag significantly behind the mainstream nationwide promotion of campus football in China.
目的
到 2022 年，中国政府计划让 3000 多万中小学生经常参加校园足球活动。相比之下，校园足球伤害的流行病学研究则完全缺失。本描述性流行病学研究旨在确定目前校园足球伤害的状况，然后提出适当的预防和管理策略。
方法
本回顾性流行病学研究对宁夏回族自治区中小学校的学生、体育教师和足球教师进行了调查，以确定过去 12 个月期间发生的校园足球伤害情况。该调查涵盖了人口统计学特征、校园足球伤害的发生、原因和管理等问题。
结果
共有 1285 名学生和 200 名教师返回了合格的调查问卷。25.7%的学生在参与校园足球活动时遭遇了伤害事故。其中，高中生的受伤率为 31.3%，初中生为 23.8%，小学生为 19.2%。足球比赛是所有伤害中占比最高的，占 45.4%，是导致伤害的主要原因。足球课教学的受伤率最低，占所有伤害的 3.0%。学生和教师报告称，缺乏安全意识和伤害预防教育是导致伤害的主要原因。只有 18.7%和 11.4%的学生分别熟悉急救基础知识和心肺复苏术。分别有 10.6%和 7.5%的学生缺乏任何急救基础知识和技能。43.9%的学生没有参加过运动伤害保险。62.5%和 38.5%的教师分别报告称，学校缺乏急救培训和伤害应急预案。
结论
宁夏校园足球项目的学生受伤风险较高。伤害预防和管理策略明显落后于中国全国范围内推广校园足球的主流趋势。
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