National Medical Research Center for Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 10 Bld. Petroverigskiy Lane, 101990 Moscow, Russia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 May 9;19(9):5779. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19095779.
Identifying dietary and physical activity (PA) patterns in Russian youths and examining their dependence on gender, age, family characteristics and area of residence features. The research involved 783 school students 10-17 years of age and their parents living in the cities of Moscow and Murmansk. Using the principal component analysis, four integral indices were identified that characterized the habits and dietary patterns, PA and lifestyle. Boys, compared with girls, were more likely to consume unhealthy foods but less likely to practice malnutrition. Within the age ranges of 13-15 years old and 16-17 years old, the proportions of school students with a poor sleep pattern and low PA were higher than in children 10-12 years of age. In smoking families, children were less likely to consume healthy foods and more likely to eat unhealthy foods. In Murmansk school students, compared with their Moscow peers, a reduction in both sleep time and PA was observed less often. Our study demonstrated that the most significant factors of a balanced and healthy diet, rational daily routine and lifestyle in school students were their gender and age characteristics, as well as some contextual factors.
识别俄罗斯青少年的饮食和体育活动（PA）模式，并研究其对性别、年龄、家庭特征和居住区域特征的依赖关系。该研究涉及莫斯科和摩尔曼斯克市的 783 名 10-17 岁的在校学生及其父母。研究人员采用主成分分析法，确定了四个综合指标，这些指标描述了习惯和饮食模式、PA 和生活方式。与女孩相比，男孩更有可能食用不健康的食物，但不太可能出现营养不良。在 13-15 岁和 16-17 岁年龄段，睡眠模式不佳和低 PA 的学生比例高于 10-12 岁的儿童。在吸烟家庭中，儿童不太可能食用健康食品，而更有可能食用不健康食品。与莫斯科的同龄人相比，摩尔曼斯克的学生睡眠时间和 PA 减少的情况较少。我们的研究表明，对于学生而言，均衡健康饮食、合理日常作息和生活方式的最重要因素是其性别和年龄特征，以及一些环境因素。
