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用于纳米医学的聚合物、生物分子和小分子配体对纳米材料的表面工程

Surface Engineering of Nanomaterials with Polymers, Biomolecules, and Small Ligands for Nanomedicine.

作者信息

Díez-Pascual Ana M

机构信息

Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.

出版信息

Materials (Basel). 2022 Apr 30;15(9):3251. doi: 10.3390/ma15093251.

DOI:10.3390/ma15093251
PMID:35591584
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9104878/
Abstract

Nanomedicine is a speedily growing area of medical research that is focused on developing nanomaterials for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases. Nanomaterials with unique physicochemical properties have recently attracted a lot of attention since they offer a lot of potential in biomedical research. Novel generations of engineered nanostructures, also known as designed and functionalized nanomaterials, have opened up new possibilities in the applications of biomedical approaches such as biological imaging, biomolecular sensing, medical devices, drug delivery, and therapy. Polymers, natural biomolecules, or synthetic ligands can interact physically or chemically with nanomaterials to functionalize them for targeted uses. This paper reviews current research in nanotechnology, with a focus on nanomaterial functionalization for medical applications. Firstly, a brief overview of the different types of nanomaterials and the strategies for their surface functionalization is offered. Secondly, different types of functionalized nanomaterials are reviewed. Then, their potential cytotoxicity and cost-effectiveness are discussed. Finally, their use in diverse fields is examined in detail, including cancer treatment, tissue engineering, drug/gene delivery, and medical implants.

摘要

纳米医学是医学研究中一个快速发展的领域，专注于开发用于疾病预防、诊断和治疗的纳米材料。具有独特物理化学性质的纳米材料最近备受关注，因为它们在生物医学研究中具有很大潜力。新一代工程化纳米结构，也称为设计和功能化纳米材料，为生物成像、生物分子传感、医疗设备、药物递送和治疗等生物医学方法的应用开辟了新的可能性。聚合物、天然生物分子或合成配体可以与纳米材料发生物理或化学相互作用，使其功能化以用于特定用途。本文综述了纳米技术的当前研究，重点是用于医学应用的纳米材料功能化。首先，简要概述了不同类型的纳米材料及其表面功能化策略。其次，对不同类型的功能化纳米材料进行了综述。然后，讨论了它们潜在的细胞毒性和成本效益。最后，详细研究了它们在癌症治疗、组织工程、药物/基因递送和医疗植入物等不同领域的应用。

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