Nouri-Majd Saeedeh, Ebrahimzadeh Armin, Mousavi Seyed Mohammad, Zargarzadeh Nikan, Eslami Mina, Santos Heitor O, Taghizadeh Mohsen, Milajerdi Alireza
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Front Nutr. 2022 May 12;9:873162. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.873162. eCollection 2022.
Magnesium is an anti-inflammatory mineral that plays a role in the innate immune system, and the relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle warrants additional attention in COVID-19. This study examined the association between magnesium intake and COVID-19 severity and related symptoms in hospitalized patients.
A cross-sectional study was done enrolling 250 COVID-19 patients aged 18 to 65 years. A validated 168-item online food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess dietary magnesium intake. COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines were used to determine COVID-19 severity, and symptoms were evaluated using a standard questionnaire. Crude and adjusted analyses were performed (Model 1: age, sex, and energy intake; Model 2: Model 1 + physical activity, supplements, corticosteroids, and antiviral drugs; Model 3: Model 2 + body mass index).
The mean age of participants was 44.1 ± 12.1 years, and 46% of them had severe COVID-19. Patients at the highest tertile of dietary magnesium intake had lower serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers, including CRP (11.8 ± 2.2 vs. 29.5 ± 2.1 mg/L, < 0.001) and ESR (15.8 ± 2.4 vs. 34.7 ± 2.4 mm/hr, < 0.001), than those at the lowest tertile. After controlling for potential confounders, we observed that a higher dietary magnesium intake was associated with a lower odds of severe COVID-19 (OR: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.15-0.70). Also, we found a significant inverse association between dietary magnesium intake and odds of COVID-19 symptoms.
We found that higher intake of dietary magnesium was inversely associated with COVID-19 severity and symptoms.
镁是一种具有抗炎作用的矿物质，在先天性免疫系统中发挥作用，而支气管平滑肌的舒张在新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）中值得更多关注。本研究调查了住院患者镁摄入量与COVID-19严重程度及相关症状之间的关联。
开展一项横断面研究，纳入250例年龄在18至65岁之间的COVID-19患者。使用经过验证的168项在线食物频率问卷（FFQ）评估膳食镁摄入量。采用COVID-19治疗指南确定COVID-19严重程度，并使用标准问卷评估症状。进行了粗分析和校正分析（模型1：年龄、性别和能量摄入；模型2：模型1 + 身体活动、补充剂、皮质类固醇和抗病毒药物；模型3：模型2 + 体重指数）。
参与者的平均年龄为44.1±12.1岁，其中46%患有重症COVID-19。膳食镁摄入量处于最高三分位数的患者，其炎症生物标志物的血清水平低于最低三分位数的患者，包括C反应蛋白（CRP）（11.8±2.2 vs. 29.5±2.1 mg/L，P<0.001）和红细胞沉降率（ESR）（15.8±2.4 vs. 34.7±2.4 mm/hr，P<0.001）。在控制潜在混杂因素后，我们观察到较高的膳食镁摄入量与重症COVID-19的较低几率相关（比值比：0.32；95%置信区间：0.15 - 0.70）。此外，我们发现膳食镁摄入量与COVID-19症状的几率之间存在显著的负相关。
我们发现较高的膳食镁摄入量与COVID-19严重程度及症状呈负相关。
