Spinelli Veronica, Brasili Elisa, Sciubba Fabio, Ceci Andrea, Giampaoli Ottavia, Miccheli Alfredo, Pasqua Gabriella, Persiani Anna Maria
Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
NMR-Based Metabolomics Laboratory (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 May 12;13:879076. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.879076. eCollection 2022.
In this study, we investigated the biostimulant effect of fungal culture filtrates obtained from and on growth performance and metabolomic traits of chicory () plants. For the first time, we showed that culture filtrate exerts a direct plant growth-promoting effect through an increase of biomass, both in shoots and roots, and of the leaf area. Conversely, no significant effect on morphological traits and biomass yield was observed in plants treated with culture filtrate. Based on H-NMR metabolomics data, differential metabolites and their related metabolic pathways were highlighted. The treatment with and culture filtrates stimulated a common response in roots involving the synthesis of 3-OH-butyrate through the decrease in the synthesis of fatty acids and sterols, as a mechanism balancing the NADPH/NADP ratio. The fungal culture filtrates differently triggered the phenylpropanoid pathway in plants: culture filtrate increased phenylalanine and chicoric acid in the roots, whereas culture filtrate stimulated an increase of 4-OH-benzoate. Chicoric acid, whose biosynthetic pathway in the chicory plant is putative and still not well known, is a very promising natural compound playing an important role in plant defense. On the contrary, benzoic acids serve as precursors for a wide variety of essential compounds playing crucial roles in plant fitness and defense response activation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that shows the biostimulant effect of and culture filtrates on growth and metabolome, increasing the knowledge on fungal bioresources for the development of biostimulants.
在本研究中，我们调查了从[具体真菌名称1]和[具体真菌名称2]获得的真菌培养滤液对菊苣（Cichorium intybus）植物生长性能和代谢组学特征的生物刺激作用。我们首次表明，[具体真菌名称1]培养滤液通过增加地上部和根部的生物量以及叶面积，发挥直接促进植物生长的作用。相反，用[具体真菌名称2]培养滤液处理的菊苣植物，未观察到对形态特征和生物量产量有显著影响。基于氢核磁共振（H-NMR）代谢组学数据，突出显示了差异代谢物及其相关代谢途径。用[具体真菌名称1]和[具体真菌名称2]培养滤液处理刺激了菊苣根中的共同反应，即通过脂肪酸和甾醇合成的减少来合成3-羟基丁酸酯，作为平衡烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（NADPH）/烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（NADP）比率的一种机制。真菌培养滤液以不同方式触发了菊苣植物中的苯丙烷类途径：[具体真菌名称1]培养滤液增加了根中苯丙氨酸和菊苣酸的含量，而[具体真菌名称2]培养滤液刺激了4-羟基苯甲酸含量的增加。菊苣酸在菊苣植物中的生物合成途径尚属推测且仍不太清楚，它是一种非常有前景的天然化合物，在植物防御中发挥重要作用。相反，苯甲酸是多种重要化合物的前体，在植物适应性和防御反应激活中起关键作用。据我们所知，这是第一项显示[具体真菌名称1]和[具体真菌名称2]培养滤液对菊苣生长和代谢组具有生物刺激作用的研究，增加了我们对用于开发生物刺激剂的真菌生物资源的了解。
