Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.
Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, People's Republic of China.
Clin Interv Aging. 2022 May 26;17:857-872. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S366245. eCollection 2022.
Sarcopenia, an age-related disease characterized by loss of muscle strength and muscle mass, has attracted the attention of medical experts due to its severe morbidity, low living quality, high expenditure of health care, and mortality. Traditionally, persistent aerobic exercise (PAE) is considered as a valid way to attenuate muscular atrophy. However, nowadays, high intensity interval training (HIIT) has emerged as a more effective and time-efficient method to replace traditional exercise modes. HIIT displays comprehensive effects on exercise capacity and skeletal muscle metabolism, and it provides a time-out for the recovery of cardiopulmonary and muscular functions without causing severe adverse effects. Studies demonstrated that compared with PAE, HIIT showed similar or even higher effects in improving muscle strength, enhancing physical performances and increasing muscle mass of elder people. Therefore, HIIT might become a promising way to cope with the age-related loss of muscle mass and muscle function. However, it is worth mentioning that no study of HIIT was conducted directly on sarcopenia patients, which is attributed to the suspicious of safety and validity. In this review, we will assess the effects of different training parameters on muscle and sarcopenia, summarize previous papers which compared the effects of HIIT and PAE in improving muscle quality and function, and evaluate the potential of HIIT to replace the status of PAE in treating old people with muscle atrophy and low modality; and point out drawbacks of temporary experiments. Our aim is to discuss the feasibility of HIIT to treat sarcopenia and provide a reference for clinical scientists who want to utilize HIIT as a new way to cope with sarcopenia.
肌肉减少症是一种与年龄相关的疾病，其特征是肌肉力量和肌肉质量的丧失，由于其发病率高、生活质量低、医疗保健支出高和死亡率高，引起了医学专家的关注。传统上，持续的有氧运动（PAE）被认为是减轻肌肉萎缩的有效方法。然而，如今，高强度间歇训练（HIIT）已经成为一种更有效和更节省时间的方法来替代传统的运动模式。HIIT 对运动能力和骨骼肌代谢有全面的影响，它为心肺和肌肉功能的恢复提供了一个暂停时间，而不会造成严重的不良影响。研究表明，与 PAE 相比，HIIT 在改善肌肉力量、提高身体表现和增加老年人肌肉质量方面具有相似甚至更高的效果。因此，HIIT 可能成为应对与年龄相关的肌肉减少和肌肉功能丧失的一种有前途的方法。然而，值得注意的是，没有针对肌肉减少症患者的 HIIT 研究，这是由于对安全性和有效性的怀疑。在这篇综述中，我们将评估不同训练参数对肌肉和肌肉减少症的影响，总结比较 HIIT 和 PAE 改善肌肉质量和功能效果的以往论文，并评估 HIIT 替代 PAE 治疗肌肉萎缩和低运动能力老年人的潜力；并指出临时实验的缺点。我们的目的是讨论 HIIT 治疗肌肉减少症的可行性，并为希望利用 HIIT 作为一种新方法来应对肌肉减少症的临床科学家提供参考。
