Cristiano Luigi
R&D Division, Prestige, 18 via Vecchia, Terranuova Bracciolini, AR 52028, Italy.
Genes Dis. 2021 Apr 16;9(4):941-958. doi: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.03.009. eCollection 2022 Jul.
The eukaryotic translation elongation factors (EEFs), i.e. and , are coding-genes that play a central role in the elongation step of translation but are often altered in cancer. Less investigated are their pseudogenes. Recently, it was demonstrated that pseudogenes have a key regulatory role in the cell, especially via non-coding RNAs, and that the aberrant expression of ncRNAs has an important role in cancer development and progression. The present review paper, for the first time, collects all that published about the EEFs pseudogenes to create a base for future investigations. For most of them, the studies are in their infancy, while for others the studies suggest their involvement in normal cell physiology but also in various human diseases. However, more investigations are needed to understand their functions in both normal and cancer cells and to define which can be useful biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
真核生物翻译延伸因子（EEFs），即 和 ，是在翻译延伸步骤中起核心作用的编码基因，但在癌症中常发生改变。对其假基因的研究较少。最近有研究表明，假基因在细胞中具有关键的调控作用，尤其是通过非编码RNA发挥作用，而且非编码RNA的异常表达在癌症的发生和发展中具有重要作用。本综述首次收集了所有已发表的关于EEFs假基因的研究，为未来的研究奠定基础。对于其中大多数假基因来说，相关研究尚处于起步阶段，而对于其他一些假基因，研究表明它们不仅参与正常细胞生理过程，还与多种人类疾病有关。然而，需要更多的研究来了解它们在正常细胞和癌细胞中的功能，并确定哪些假基因可作为有用的生物标志物或治疗靶点。
