School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Section of Health and Rehabilitation, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
BMC Public Health. 2022 Jun 14;22(1):1189. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13556-4.
Sickness absence and rehabilitation processes can be challenging for an individual. At a time of generally reduced capacity, the individual must comprehend and navigate through several options. The aim of this study was to investigate the prerequisites for support, knowledge and information related to decision making experienced by people on sickness absence due to common mental disorders.
A qualitative explorative approach was used. Face-to-face interviews took place with 11 sick-listed individuals with common mental disorders. Patients were recruited from different sources in the western part of Sweden, such as primary health care centres, patient organizations and via social media. Data analysis was performed using manifest content analysis, meaning that the analysis was kept close to the original text, and on a low level of interpretation and abstraction.
The analysis revealed three themes that described experiences of decision making during the sick leave and rehabilitation process: Ambiguous roles challenge possibilities for moving on; Uncertain knowledge base weakens self-management; and Perceived barriers and enablers for ending sick leave.
Our findings suggest that alternatives need to be found that address sickness absence and rehabilitation processes from a complex perspective. Collaboration between stakeholders as well as shared decision making should be considered when the time for return to work is discussed with sick-listed individuals. Other factors in the context of the individual must also be considered. Current knowledge on strategies to improve health/well-being while being in the sick leave process need to be elaborated, communicated and adapted to each individuals' unique situation, including clarifying rights, obligations and opportunities during the sick-leave process.
对于个人来说，病假和康复过程可能具有挑战性。在能力普遍下降的情况下，个人必须理解并选择几种选择。本研究的目的是调查由于常见精神障碍而请病假的人在决策方面的支持、知识和信息相关的先决条件。
采用定性探索性方法。与 11 名患有常见精神障碍的请病假者进行了面对面访谈。患者从瑞典西部的不同来源招募，如初级保健中心、患者组织和社交媒体。数据分析采用明显的内容分析，即分析保持与原始文本接近，并在较低的解释和抽象水平上进行。
分析揭示了描述病假和康复过程中决策体验的三个主题：模糊的角色挑战前进的可能性；不确定的知识基础削弱了自我管理；以及结束病假的感知障碍和促进因素。
我们的研究结果表明，需要找到从复杂角度解决病假和康复过程的替代方案。在与请病假者讨论重返工作岗位的时间时，应考虑利益相关者之间的合作以及共同决策。还必须考虑个人背景中的其他因素。目前关于在病假过程中改善健康/福祉的策略的知识需要详细说明、传达和适应每个人的独特情况，包括在病假过程中明确权利、义务和机会。
