Ariyanachi K, Lakshmi Jyothi Tadi, Shireen Nikhat Shalam, Vidya Meena S, Supriya Garapati, Saranya Mallamgunta, Sagar S Triveni, Chenna Kesavulu
Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, India.
Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, India.
Maedica (Bucur). 2022 Mar;17(1):201-204. doi: 10.26574/maedica.2022.17.1.201.
Vector-borne diseases are infections caused by parasites, viruses and bacteria and transmitted by vectors, which are usually insects. A greater risk of diseases such as dengue, malaria, seasonal influenza, leptospirosis, chikungunya, enteric fever, etc co-exist in COVID-19 cases. This poses challenges in clinical and laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19, which may affect clinical management and patient outcomes. Several databases, including PubMed, Scopus, DOAJ, and EMBASE, were reviewed using the keywords vector-borne infections in India amidst COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 23 articles and WHO and National website for vector-borne diseases was found. For many decades, vector-borne diseases have been a major health burden for both underdeveloped and developing countries, including India. With better preparedness, the threat of climate change on vector-borne diseases may be negated. Rains during monsoon increase not only the risk of vector-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue, chikungunya but also that of food- and water-borne diseases as well as other skin infections. A greater risk of diseases such as dengue, malaria, seasonal influenza, leptospirosis, chikungunya, enteric fever, etc co-exists in COVID-19 cases. This poses challenges in clinical and laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19, which may affect clinical management and patient outcomes (3). Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, a sudden outbreak of Zika virus infection was reported at the beginning of July 2021 in the districts of Kerala, from where it started, spreading to the neighboring states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala, India. With better preparedness, the threat of climate change on vector-borne diseases may be negated. Designing and strengthening an intervention strategy for environmental sanitation, regular cleaning of living houses, and keeping personal hygiene shall be considered. Risk assessment is crucial to optimize surveillance, preventative measures (vector control), and resource allocation (medical supplies).
媒介传播疾病是由寄生虫、病毒和细菌引起并通过媒介传播的感染性疾病，这些媒介通常是昆虫。登革热、疟疾、季节性流感、钩端螺旋体病、基孔肯雅热、伤寒热等疾病在新冠肺炎病例中存在更大风险。这给新冠肺炎的临床和实验室诊断带来了挑战，可能会影响临床管理和患者预后。使用关键词“印度新冠肺炎疫情期间的媒介传播感染”对包括PubMed、Scopus、DOAJ和EMBASE在内的多个数据库进行了检索。共找到23篇文章以及世界卫生组织和国家媒介传播疾病网站。几十年来，媒介传播疾病一直是包括印度在内的欠发达国家和发展中国家的主要健康负担。通过更好的准备，可以消除气候变化对媒介传播疾病的威胁。季风期间的降雨不仅增加了疟疾、登革热、基孔肯雅热等媒介传播疾病的风险，也增加了食源性和水源性疾病以及其他皮肤感染的风险。登革热、疟疾、季节性流感、钩端螺旋体病、基孔肯雅热、伤寒热等疾病在新冠肺炎病例中存在更大风险。这给新冠肺炎的临床和实验室诊断带来了挑战，可能会影响临床管理和患者预后（3）。在2021年7月初，印度喀拉拉邦的一些地区突然报告了寨卡病毒感染疫情，疫情从这些地区开始，蔓延到了邻国泰米尔纳德邦和喀拉拉邦。通过更好的准备，可以消除气候变化对媒介传播疾病的威胁。应考虑设计并加强环境卫生干预策略、定期清洁居住房屋以及保持个人卫生。风险评估对于优化监测、预防措施（病媒控制）和资源分配（医疗用品）至关重要。
