Wang Shixin, Liu Zengcai, Wang Xutong, Liu Ruipeng, Zou Li
Department of Forest Conservation, College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China.
J Fungi (Basel). 2022 May 29;8(6):582. doi: 10.3390/jof8060582.
Mushrooms produce a large number of medicinal bioactive metabolites with antioxidant, anticancer, antiaging, and other biological activities. However, whether they produce flavonoids and, if so, how they synthesize them remains a matter of some debate. In the present study, we combined flavonoid-targeted metabolomics and transcriptome analysis to explore the flavonoid synthesis in the medicinal mushroom . The synthesized 81 flavonoids on a chemically defined medium. The multiple classes of flavonoids present were consistent with the biosynthetic routes in plants. However, paradoxically, most of the genes that encode enzymes involved in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway are missing from . Only four genes related to flavonoid synthesis were found in , among which phenylalanine ammonia lyase gene () is a key gene regulating flavonoid synthesis, and overexpression of increases the accumulation of flavonoids. These results suggest that the flavonoid synthesis pathway in is different from that in known plants, and the missing genes may be replaced by genes from the same superfamilies but are only distantly related. Thus, this study provides a novel method to produce flavonoids by metabolic engineering using mushrooms.
蘑菇能产生大量具有抗氧化、抗癌、抗老化及其他生物活性的药用生物活性代谢物。然而，它们是否能产生黄酮类化合物，以及如果能产生，它们是如何合成的，仍存在一些争议。在本研究中，我们结合了针对黄酮类化合物的代谢组学和转录组分析，以探索药用蘑菇中的黄酮类化合物合成。在化学限定培养基上合成了81种黄酮类化合物。所呈现的多种类黄酮与植物中的生物合成途径一致。然而，矛盾的是，参与黄酮类生物合成途径的大多数编码酶的基因在……中缺失。在……中仅发现了四个与黄酮类化合物合成相关的基因，其中苯丙氨酸解氨酶基因（）是调控黄酮类化合物合成的关键基因，过表达该基因会增加黄酮类化合物的积累。这些结果表明，……中的黄酮类化合物合成途径与已知植物中的不同，缺失的基因可能被来自同一超家族但亲缘关系较远的基因所取代。因此，本研究提供了一种利用蘑菇通过代谢工程生产黄酮类化合物的新方法。
