Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
PhD Program in Virology, Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Nat Commun. 2022 Jun 28;13(1):3571. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-31169-8.
The availability of three COVID-19 vaccines in the United States provides an unprecedented opportunity to examine how vaccine platforms and timing of vaccination in pregnancy impact maternal and neonatal immunity. Here, we characterize the antibody profile after Ad26.COV2.S, mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2 vaccination in 158 pregnant individuals and evaluate transplacental antibody transfer by profiling maternal and umbilical cord blood in 175 maternal-neonatal dyads. These analyses reveal lower vaccine-induced functions and Fc receptor-binding after Ad26.COV2.S compared to mRNA vaccination and subtle advantages in titer and function with mRNA-1273 versus BN162b2. mRNA vaccines have higher titers and functions against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. First and third trimester vaccination results in enhanced maternal antibody-dependent NK-cell activation, cellular and neutrophil phagocytosis, and complement deposition relative to second trimester. Higher transplacental transfer ratios following first and second trimester vaccination may reflect placental compensation for waning maternal titers. These results provide novel insight into the impact of platform and trimester of vaccination on maternal humoral immune response and transplacental antibody transfer.
在美国，三种 COVID-19 疫苗的供应提供了一个前所未有的机会，可以研究疫苗平台和妊娠期间接种疫苗的时间如何影响母体和新生儿的免疫。在这里，我们描述了 158 名孕妇接种 Ad26.COV2.S、mRNA-1273 或 BNT162b2 后的抗体特征，并通过分析 175 对母婴对的母血和脐血来评估胎盘抗体转移。这些分析显示，与 mRNA 疫苗相比，Ad26.COV2.S 引起的疫苗诱导功能和 Fc 受体结合较低，而 mRNA-1273 与 BN162b2 相比，在滴度和功能上有细微优势。mRNA 疫苗对关注的 SARS-CoV-2 变体具有更高的滴度和功能。与妊娠中期相比，第一和第三孕期的疫苗接种导致母体抗体依赖性 NK 细胞激活、细胞和中性粒细胞吞噬作用以及补体沉积增强。第一和第二孕期接种疫苗后的胎盘转移比例较高可能反映了胎盘对母体滴度下降的补偿。这些结果为平台和孕期接种对母体体液免疫反应和胎盘抗体转移的影响提供了新的见解。
