Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Valencia University Clinic Hospital, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Nutrients. 2022 Jun 23;14(13):2593. doi: 10.3390/nu14132593.
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy and exhibits rising incidence. Annual incidence varies by sex, age, and geographical location. It has been reported that impairment of vitamin D signalling promotes thyroid cancer progression. Recent studies have shown that vitamin D, a fat-soluble vitamin that acts as both a nutrient and a hormone, may have utility in the prevention of autoimmune thyroid-related diseases. However, the precise role of vitamin D in the pathobiology of thyroid cancer is controversial. Previous studies have suggested that elevated serum vitamin D levels have a protective role in thyroid cancer. However, there is also evidence demonstrating no inverse relationship between vitamin D levels and the occurrence of thyroid cancer. Furthermore, recent data provide evidence that circulating vitamin D concentration is inversely correlated with disease aggressiveness and poor prognosis, while evidence of an association with tumour initiation remains weak. Nevertheless, a variety of data support an anti-tumorigenic role of vitamin D and its potential utility as a secondary chemopreventive agent. In this review, we highlighted recent findings regarding the association of vitamin D status with the risk of thyroid cancer, prognosis, potential mechanisms, and possible utility as a chemopreventive agent.
甲状腺癌是最常见的内分泌恶性肿瘤，其发病率呈上升趋势。其发病率因性别、年龄和地理位置而异。有报道称，维生素 D 信号转导受损会促进甲状腺癌的进展。最近的研究表明，维生素 D 作为一种脂溶性维生素，既是营养物质又是激素，可能对预防自身免疫性甲状腺相关疾病有一定作用。然而，维生素 D 在甲状腺癌发病机制中的确切作用仍存在争议。先前的研究表明，血清维生素 D 水平升高对甲状腺癌具有保护作用。然而，也有证据表明维生素 D 水平与甲状腺癌的发生之间没有反比关系。此外，最近的数据提供了证据表明，循环维生素 D 浓度与疾病侵袭性和不良预后呈负相关，而与肿瘤发生的相关性证据仍然较弱。尽管如此，多种数据支持维生素 D 的抗肿瘤作用及其作为辅助化学预防剂的潜在用途。在这篇综述中，我们强调了最近关于维生素 D 状态与甲状腺癌风险、预后、潜在机制以及作为化学预防剂的可能用途的关联的研究结果。
