Dünnwald Tobias, Paglia Giuseppe, Weiss Günter, Denti Vanna, Faulhaber Martin, Schobersberger Wolfgang, Wackerhage Henning
Institute for Sports Medicine, Alpine Medicine and Health Tourism (ISAG), UMIT TIROL, Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall in Tirol, Austria.
School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Vedano al Lambro (MB), Italy.
Front Physiol. 2022 Jun 23;13:904618. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.904618. eCollection 2022.
The aim of this study was to determine alterations of the metabolome in blood plasma in response to concentric-eccentric leg exercise performed at a simulated altitude of 3,500 m. To do so, we recruited 11 well-trained subjects and performed an untargeted metabolomics analysis of plasma samples obtained before, 20 min after as well as on day 8 after five sets of maximal, concentric-eccentric leg exercises that lasted 90 s each. We identified and annotated 115 metabolites through untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics and used them to further calculate 20 sum/ratio of metabolites. A principal component analysis (PCA) revealed differences in-between the overall metabolome at rest and immediately after exercise. Interestingly, some systematic changes of relative metabolite concentrations still persisted on day 8 after exercise. The first two components of the PCA explained 34% of the relative concentrations of all identified metabolites analyzed together. A volcano plot indicates that 35 metabolites and two metabolite ratios were significantly changed directly after exercise, such as metabolites related to carbohydrate and TCA metabolism. Moreover, we observed alterations in the relative concentrations of amino acids (e.g., decreases of valine, leucine and increases in alanine) and purines (e.g., increases in hypoxanthine, xanthine and uric acid). In summary, high intensity concentric-eccentric exercise performed at simulated altitude systematically changed the blood metabolome in trained athletes directly after exercise and some relative metabolite concentrations were still changed on day 8. The importance of that persisting metabolic alterations on exercise performance should be studied further.
本研究的目的是确定在模拟海拔3500米进行向心-离心腿部运动后血浆代谢组的变化。为此，我们招募了11名训练有素的受试者，对在五组最大强度的向心-离心腿部运动（每组持续90秒）之前、之后20分钟以及第8天采集的血浆样本进行了非靶向代谢组学分析。我们通过非靶向液相色谱-质谱代谢组学鉴定并注释了115种代谢物，并用它们进一步计算了20种代谢物的总和/比率。主成分分析（PCA）显示静息状态和运动后即刻的整体代谢组存在差异。有趣的是，运动后第8天相对代谢物浓度的一些系统性变化仍然存在。PCA的前两个成分解释了所有一起分析的已鉴定代谢物相对浓度的34%。火山图表明，运动后直接有35种代谢物和两种代谢物比率发生了显著变化，例如与碳水化合物和三羧酸循环代谢相关的代谢物。此外，我们观察到氨基酸（如缬氨酸、亮氨酸减少，丙氨酸增加）和嘌呤（如次黄嘌呤、黄嘌呤和尿酸增加）的相对浓度发生了变化。总之，在模拟海拔进行的高强度向心-离心运动在训练有素的运动员运动后直接系统性地改变了血液代谢组，并且一些相对代谢物浓度在第8天仍然发生了变化。这种持续的代谢变化对运动表现的重要性应进一步研究。
