Mourad Amira M I, Draz Ibrahim S, Omar Ghady E, Börner Andreas, Esmail Samar M
Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany.
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Jun 22;13:921230. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.921230. eCollection 2022.
Wheat leaf rust (LR) causes significant yield losses worldwide. In Egypt, resistant cultivars began to lose their efficiency in leaf rust resistance. Therefore, a diverse spring wheat panel was evaluated at the seedling stage to identify new sources of broad-spectrum seedling resistance against the Egyptian () races. In three different experiments, seedling evaluation was done using spores collected from different fields and growing seasons. Highly significant differences were found among experiments confirming the presence of different races population in each experiment. Highly significant differences were found among the tested genotypes confirming the ability to select superior genotypes. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted for each experiment and a set of 87 markers located within 48 gene models were identified. The identified gene models were associated with disease resistance in wheat. Five gene models were identified to resist all races in at least two experiments and could be identified as stable genes under Egyptian conditions. Ten genotypes from five different countries were stable against all the tested races but showed different degrees of resistance.
小麦叶锈病（LR）在全球范围内造成显著的产量损失。在埃及，抗病品种开始在叶锈病抗性方面失去效力。因此，在幼苗期对一个多样化的春小麦群体进行了评估，以确定对埃及（）小种具有广谱幼苗抗性的新来源。在三个不同的实验中，使用从不同田地和生长季节收集的孢子进行幼苗评估。实验之间发现了极显著差异，证实每个实验中存在不同的小种群体。在测试的基因型之间发现了极显著差异，证实了选择优良基因型的能力。对每个实验进行了全基因组关联研究（GWAS），并鉴定出位于48个基因模型内的一组87个标记。鉴定出的基因模型与小麦的抗病性相关。在至少两个实验中，有五个基因模型被鉴定为对所有小种具有抗性，并且在埃及条件下可被确定为稳定基因。来自五个不同国家的十个基因型对所有测试的小种都具有稳定性，但表现出不同程度的抗性。
