Kim Min-Jeong, Jeon Dong-Gyeong, Lim Yong, Jang Insurk
Division of Animal Bioscience and Integrated Biotechnology, Gyeongsang National University, 33 Dongjin-Ro, Jinju, 52725, Gyeongnam, Korea.
Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 47340, Korea.
Lab Anim Res. 2022 Jul 18;38(1):20. doi: 10.1186/s42826-022-00132-5.
Gastrointestinal microbiota, which comprises hundreds of different types of microbes, biologically plays crucial roles in the host's health. Probiotics (PRO) did not always have a positive benefit on the host, depending on strains of microbes and the physiochemical properties of prebiotics (PRE), indicating that the properties of PRE in combination with PRO might have different effects on the gut ecology. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of insoluble or soluble PRE with PRO on intestinal digestive hydrolase, the fecal microbes, and immunological biomarkers in SD rats fed an AIN-93G diet.
Forty, 8-week-old SD rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups with 10 replicates in each; cellulose (CELL), cellulose + probiotics (CELPRO), oatmeal (OATS), and oatmeal + probiotics (OATPRO) groups. After 4-week feeding trial, rats were treated with saline or lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 mg/kg) to examine the alleviating effects of PRO and PRE on immunological responses. There was a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in feed intake of rats fed the oatmeal supplemented diet without affecting growth performance. Blood triglyceride was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in rats fed the oatmeal diet, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in rats fed the PRO supplemented diet. Intestinal maltase, sucrose, and lactase activities were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in rats fed PRO compared with rats not fed PRO. Rats fed the oatmeal showed a significant (p < 0.01) increase in the fecal colony forming units (CFU) of Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus subtilis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae compared with those fed cellulose. LPS-treated rats fed PRO showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in blood secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) compared with those not fed PRO. The LPS-treated rats fed PRO resulted in decreased (p < 0.05) blood IL-6 compared with those not fed PRO, indicating that a dietary PRO alleviated inflammatory response in LPS-treated rats.
Dietary oatmeal increased fecal microbes, and PRO supplement resulted in increased intestinal hydrolase and immune functions of the host, demonstrating that soluble PRE with supplemented with PRO could be a more bioactive combination of synbiotics in SD rats.
胃肠道微生物群由数百种不同类型的微生物组成，在宿主健康中发挥着至关重要的生物学作用。益生菌（PRO）对宿主并不总是具有积极益处，这取决于微生物菌株和益生元（PRE）的理化性质，这表明PRE与PRO结合的性质可能对肠道生态有不同影响。本研究的目的是评估不溶性或可溶性PRE与PRO对喂食AIN - 93G饮食的SD大鼠肠道消化水解酶、粪便微生物和免疫生物标志物的影响。
40只8周龄的SD大鼠随机分为4组，每组10个重复；分别为纤维素（CELL）组、纤维素 + 益生菌（CELPRO）组、燕麦片（OATS）组和燕麦片 + 益生菌（OATPRO）组。经过4周的喂养试验后，用生理盐水或脂多糖（LPS，1 mg/kg）处理大鼠，以检查PRO和PRE对免疫反应的缓解作用。喂食补充燕麦片饮食的大鼠采食量显著（p < 0.05）下降，但不影响生长性能。喂食燕麦片饮食的大鼠血液甘油三酯显著（p < 0.05）下降，喂食补充PRO饮食的大鼠天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）显著（p < 0.05）下降。与未喂食PRO的大鼠相比，喂食PRO的大鼠肠道麦芽糖酶、蔗糖酶和乳糖酶活性显著（p < 0.05）更高。与喂食纤维素的大鼠相比，喂食燕麦片的大鼠粪便中植物乳杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和酿酒酵母的菌落形成单位（CFU）显著（p < 0.01）增加。与未喂食PRO的大鼠相比，LPS处理后喂食PRO的大鼠血液分泌型免疫球蛋白A（sIgA）显著（p < 0.05）增加。与未喂食PRO的大鼠相比，LPS处理后喂食PRO的大鼠血液白细胞介素 - 6（IL - 6）降低（p < 0.05），表明饮食中的PRO减轻了LPS处理大鼠的炎症反应。
饮食中的燕麦片增加了粪便微生物，补充PRO导致宿主肠道水解酶和免疫功能增强，表明补充PRO的可溶性PRE可能是SD大鼠中更具生物活性的合生元组合。
