Aubourg Santiago P, Trigo Marcos, González María Jesús, Lois Salomé, Medina Isabel
Department of Food Technology, Marine Research Institute, CSIC, C/E. Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
Foods. 2022 Jul 23;11(15):2188. doi: 10.3390/foods11152188.
A novel approach of bioactive lipid extraction by different green solvents was carried out on squid (Doryteuthis gahi) by-products. By-products (viscera, heads, skin, tails, etc.), considered as a single product, were subjected to the following solvent systems: ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, 1/1 ethanol/acetone, 1/1 ethanol/ethyl acetate, and 1/1 acetone/ethyl acetate. Analyses carried out included lipid yield, lipid class content, and fatty acid (FA) composition. Results were compared to the lipid extract obtained by the traditional procedure (1/1 chloroform/methanol). Lipid yields obtained by green solvents led to a 33.4−73.2% recovery compared to traditional extraction; the highest values (p < 0.05) were obtained by ethanol-containing systems. Compared to the traditional procedure, ethanol systems showed an 85.8−90.3% recovery of phospholipid compounds and no differences (p > 0.05) in the ω3/ω6 ratio. Green-extracting systems led to higher average values for eicosapentaenoic acid content (15.66−18.56 g·100 g−1 total FAs) and polyene index (1.93−3.29) than chloroform/methanol extraction; differences were significant (p < 0.05) for systems including acetone and ethyl acetate. No differences (p > 0.05) were detected for docosahexaenoic acid content between the traditional procedure and green systems, with all values being included in the 31.12−32.61 g·100 g−1 total FA range. The suitability of EtOH-containing green systems for extraction of bioactive lipid compounds from squid by-products was concluded.
采用不同绿色溶剂从鱿鱼（阿根廷滑柔鱼）副产物中提取生物活性脂质的新方法得以实施。将副产物（内脏、头部、皮肤、尾部等）视为单一产品，对其采用以下溶剂体系：乙醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯、1/1乙醇/丙酮、1/1乙醇/乙酸乙酯和1/1丙酮/乙酸乙酯。所进行的分析包括脂质产量、脂质类别含量和脂肪酸（FA）组成。将结果与通过传统方法（1/1氯仿/甲醇）获得的脂质提取物进行比较。与传统提取方法相比，绿色溶剂获得的脂质产量回收率为33.4 - 73.2%；含乙醇体系获得的值最高（p < 0.05）。与传统方法相比，乙醇体系的磷脂化合物回收率为85.8 - 90.3%，且ω3/ω6比值无差异（p > 0.05）。绿色提取体系的二十碳五烯酸含量（15.66 - 18.56 g·100 g−1总脂肪酸）和多烯指数（1.93 - 3.29）的平均值高于氯仿/甲醇提取法；对于包括丙酮和乙酸乙酯的体系，差异显著（p < 0.05）。传统方法与绿色体系之间的二十二碳六烯酸含量未检测到差异（p > 0.05），所有值均在31.12 - 32.61 g·100 g−1总脂肪酸范围内。得出含乙醇的绿色体系适用于从鱿鱼副产物中提取生物活性脂质化合物的结论。
