Aubourg Santiago P, Rodríguez Alicia, Trigo Marcos, Medina Isabel
Department of Food Technology, Marine Research Institute (CSIC), c/E. Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
Department of Food Science and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, c/Santos Dumont, 964, Santiago 8380000, Chile.
Foods. 2023 Jul 9;12(14):2649. doi: 10.3390/foods12142649.
The study focused on the extraction of valuable lipid compounds from squid () waste by a low-toxicity solvent mixture (ethanol/acetone, 50:50, /). The effect of the waste weight/solvent volume (WW/SV, g·mL) ratio and the number of extractions (NoE) on the total lipid (TL), phospholipid (PL), and tocopherol yields and on the fatty acid (FA) profile (eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid contents; polyunsaturated FAs/saturated FAs and ω3/ω6 ratios) was investigated. As a result, an increased NoE led to an increased ( < 0.05) TL yield but a decreased ( < 0.05) proportion of PLs in the lipid extract. Additionally, a lower ( < 0.05) polyunsaturated FA/saturated FA ratio was detected by increasing the NoE. Some differences ( < 0.05) could be outlined as a result of increasing the WW/SV ratio; however, a definite trend for this extraction condition could not be concluded for any of the lipid parameters measured. Yield results were compared to those obtained by the conventional chloroform/methanol procedure. In order to attain an increased yield, the NoE required would depend on the polarity degree of the lipid molecule concerned. All ethanol/acetone extracting conditions tested led to remarkable yields for lipid compounds (PLs, α-tocopherol, ω3 FAs) and FA ratios with healthy, nutritional, and preserving properties.
该研究聚焦于采用低毒性溶剂混合物（乙醇/丙酮，50:50，体积比）从鱿鱼废弃物中提取有价值的脂质化合物。研究了废弃物重量/溶剂体积（WW/SV，g·mL）比和萃取次数（NoE）对总脂质（TL）、磷脂（PL）、生育酚产率以及脂肪酸（FA）谱（二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸含量；多不饱和脂肪酸/饱和脂肪酸以及ω3/ω6比值）的影响。结果表明，萃取次数增加会使TL产率升高（P<0.05），但脂质提取物中PL的比例降低（P<0.05）。此外，随着萃取次数增加，检测到多不饱和脂肪酸/饱和脂肪酸的比例降低（P<0.05）。提高WW/SV比会导致一些差异（P<0.05）；然而，对于所测量的任何脂质参数，都无法得出该萃取条件下的明确趋势。将产率结果与通过传统氯仿/甲醇方法获得的结果进行了比较。为了提高产率，所需的萃取次数将取决于相关脂质分子的极性程度。所有测试的乙醇/丙酮萃取条件都使具有健康、营养和保存特性的脂质化合物（PLs、α-生育酚、ω3脂肪酸）和脂肪酸比例获得了显著的产率。
