Agarwal Preeti, Soni Renu, Kaur Pritam, Madan Akanksha, Mishra Reema, Pandey Jayati, Singh Shreya, Singh Garvita
Department of Botany, Gargi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Jul 13;13:939347. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.939347. eCollection 2022.
With the aim to alleviate the increasing plastic burden and carbon footprint on Earth, the role of certain microbes that are capable of capturing and sequestering excess carbon dioxide (CO) generated by various anthropogenic means was studied. Cyanobacteria, which are photosynthetic prokaryotes, are promising alternative for carbon sequestration as well as biofuel and bioplastic production because of their minimal growth requirements, higher efficiency of photosynthesis and growth rates, presence of considerable amounts of lipids in thylakoid membranes, and cosmopolitan nature. These microbes could prove beneficial to future generations in achieving sustainable environmental goals. Their role in the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) as a source of intracellular energy and carbon sink is being utilized for bioplastic production. PHAs have emerged as well-suited alternatives for conventional plastics and are a parallel competitor to petrochemical-based plastics. Although a lot of studies have been conducted where plants and crops are used as sources of energy and bioplastics, cyanobacteria have been reported to have a more efficient photosynthetic process strongly responsible for increased production with limited land input along with an acceptable cost. The biodiesel production from cyanobacteria is an unconventional choice for a sustainable future as it curtails toxic sulfur release and checks the addition of aromatic hydrocarbons having efficient oxygen content, with promising combustion potential, thus making them a better choice. Here, we aim at reporting the application of cyanobacteria for biofuel production and their competent biotechnological potential, along with achievements and constraints in its pathway toward commercial benefits. This review article also highlights the role of various cyanobacterial species that are a source of green and clean energy along with their high potential in the production of biodegradable plastics.
为了减轻地球上日益增加的塑料负担和碳足迹，人们研究了某些能够捕获和封存各种人为活动产生的过量二氧化碳（CO）的微生物的作用。蓝细菌是光合原核生物，由于其生长需求极低、光合作用效率和生长速率较高、类囊体膜中含有大量脂质以及分布广泛的特性，有望成为碳封存以及生物燃料和生物塑料生产的替代选择。这些微生物在实现可持续环境目标方面可能对子孙后代有益。它们在生产聚羟基脂肪酸酯（PHA）作为细胞内能量来源和碳汇方面的作用正被用于生物塑料生产。PHA已成为传统塑料的合适替代品，是石化基塑料的有力竞争对手。尽管已经进行了许多以植物和作物作为能源和生物塑料来源的研究，但据报道，蓝细菌具有更高效的光合作用过程，这对于在有限的土地投入和可接受的成本下提高产量起着重要作用。利用蓝细菌生产生物柴油是实现可持续未来的一种非常规选择，因为它减少了有毒硫的排放，并控制了具有高效氧含量且燃烧潜力可观的芳烃的添加，因此使其成为更好的选择。在此，我们旨在报告蓝细菌在生物燃料生产中的应用及其强大的生物技术潜力，以及其实现商业利益途径中的成就和限制。这篇综述文章还强调了各种蓝细菌物种作为绿色清洁能源来源的作用，以及它们在生产可生物降解塑料方面的巨大潜力。
