Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Cancer Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Arch Iran Med. 2022 Jun 1;25(6):360-365. doi: 10.34172/aim.2022.59.
Leukemia and multiple myeloma (MM) are the most common hematologic malignancies in Iran. This paper describes the geographic and temporal changes in their incidence in Golestan, northern Iran.
Data on cases of leukemia and MM during 2004-2017 were obtained from the Golestan Population-based Cancer Registry (GPCR). The GPCR is a dynamic database of Golestan residents diagnosed with primary cancers. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) (per 100000) of leukemia and MM were calculated using direct standardization method considering the world standard population. We used Joinpoint regression to assess incidence trends using the average annual percent change (AAPC).
In total, 2119 new cases of leukemia and MM were registered by the GPCR during 2004-2017. The ASRs of leukemia were 9.71 and 6.70 in males and females, respectively, while the rates were lower for MM: 2.66 and 1.97 in males and females, respectively. The incidence rates of leukemia suggested an increasing trend in urban population (AAPC=2.73; value=0.154), while in rural area, the incidence rates were slightly decreasing (AAPC=- 0.73; value=0.658). There were high incidence areas of leukemia in the central and western regions of Golestan.
Our results suggested high incidence rates of leukemia and MM in the Golestan province. We also found geographical diversities and increasing trends in the incidence of leukemia in the urban population. Exposure to occupational and environmental carcinogens including pesticides may partly explain high rates and the observed trends. Further investigations should be considered to clarify these points in our population.
白血病和多发性骨髓瘤（MM）是伊朗最常见的血液系统恶性肿瘤。本文描述了伊朗北部戈勒斯坦省白血病和 MM 发病率的地理和时间变化。
从戈勒斯坦人群癌症登记处（GPCR）获得了 2004 年至 2017 年期间白血病和 MM 的病例数据。GPCR 是戈勒斯坦居民原发性癌症的动态数据库。考虑到世界标准人口，使用直接标准化法计算白血病和 MM 的年龄标准化发病率（ASR）（每 100000 人）。我们使用 Joinpoint 回归评估使用平均年度百分比变化（AAPC）的发病趋势。
在 2004 年至 2017 年期间，GPCR 共登记了 2119 例新的白血病和 MM 病例。男性和女性的白血病 ASR 分别为 9.71 和 6.70，而 MM 的比率较低：男性和女性分别为 2.66 和 1.97。白血病的发病率呈上升趋势在城市人口中（AAPC=2.73； 值=0.154），而在农村地区，发病率略有下降（AAPC=-0.73； 值=0.658）。戈勒斯坦中部和西部地区是白血病高发地区。
我们的研究结果表明，戈勒斯坦省白血病和 MM 的发病率较高。我们还发现，城市人口中白血病的发病率存在地理差异和上升趋势。接触职业和环境致癌物，包括杀虫剂，可能部分解释了高发病率和观察到的趋势。应进一步进行调查，以澄清我们人群中的这些问题。
