Ramuta Taja Železnik, Kreft Mateja Erdani
Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Cancers (Basel). 2022 Aug 2;14(15):3761. doi: 10.3390/cancers14153761.
The tumour microenvironment, which is comprised of various cell types and the extracellular matrix, substantially impacts tumour initiation, progression, and metastasis. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are one of the key stromal cells in the tumour microenvironment, and their interaction with cancer cells results in the transformation of naïve MSCs to tumour-associated MSCs. The latter has an important impact on tumour growth and progression. Recently, it has been shown that they can also contribute to the development of chemoresistance in cancer cells. This review provides an overview of 42 studies published between 1 January 2001 and 1 January 2022 that examined the effect of MSCs on the susceptibility of cancer cells to chemotherapeutics. The studies showed that MSCs affect various signalling pathways in cancer cells, leading to protection against chemotherapy-induced damage. Promising results emerged from the use of inhibitors of various signalling pathways that are affected in cancer cells due to interactions with MSCs in the tumour microenvironment. These studies present a good starting point for the investigation of novel treatment approaches and demonstrate the importance of targeting the stroma in the tumour microenvironment to improve treatment outcomes.
肿瘤微环境由多种细胞类型和细胞外基质组成，对肿瘤的起始、进展和转移有重大影响。间充质干/基质细胞（MSCs）是肿瘤微环境中的关键基质细胞之一，它们与癌细胞的相互作用导致原始MSCs转变为肿瘤相关MSCs。后者对肿瘤生长和进展有重要影响。最近的研究表明，它们还可能促使癌细胞产生化疗耐药性。本综述概述了2001年1月1日至2022年1月1日期间发表的42项研究，这些研究探讨了MSCs对癌细胞化疗敏感性的影响。研究表明，MSCs影响癌细胞中的多种信号通路，从而保护细胞免受化疗诱导的损伤。使用针对因肿瘤微环境中与MSCs相互作用而在癌细胞中受影响的各种信号通路的抑制剂，取得了有前景的结果。这些研究为新型治疗方法的研究提供了良好的起点，并证明了靶向肿瘤微环境中的基质以改善治疗效果的重要性。
