Martínez-García Rebeca, Jagadesh P, Zaid Osama, Șerbănoiu Adrian A, Fraile-Fernández Fernando J, de Prado-Gil Jesús, Qaidi Shaker M A, Grădinaru Cătălina M
Department of Mining Technology, Topography and Structures, Campus of Vegazana s/n, University of León, 24071 León, Spain.
Department of Civil Engineering, Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore 641014, Tamil Nadu, India.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Aug 3;15(15):5349. doi: 10.3390/ma15155349.
A main global challenge is finding an alternative material for cement, which is a major source of pollution to the environment because it emits greenhouse gases. Investigators play a significant role in global waste disposal by developing appropriate methods for its effective utilization. Geopolymers are one of the best options for reusing all industrial wastes containing aluminosilicate and the best alternative materials for concrete applications. Waste wood ash (WWA) is used with other waste materials in geopolymer production and is found in pulp and paper, wood-burning industrial facilities, and wood-fired plants. On the other hand, the WWA manufacturing industry necessitates the acquisition of large tracts of land in rural areas, while some industries use incinerators to burn wood waste, which contributes to air pollution, a significant environmental problem. This review paper offers a comprehensive review of the current utilization of WWA with the partial replacement with other mineral materials, such as fly ash, as a base for geopolymer concrete and mortar production. A review of the usage of waste wood ash in the construction sector is offered, and development tendencies are assessed about mechanical, durability, and microstructural characteristics. The impacts of waste wood ash as a pozzolanic base for eco-concreting usages are summarized. According to the findings, incorporating WWA into concrete is useful to sustainable progress and waste reduction as the WWA mostly behaves as a filler in filling action and moderate amounts of WWA offer a fairly higher compressive strength to concrete. A detail study on the source of WWA on concrete mineralogy and properties must be performed to fill the potential research gap.
一个主要的全球挑战是找到水泥的替代材料，水泥是环境污染的主要来源，因为它会排放温室气体。研究人员通过开发有效的利用方法，在全球废物处理中发挥着重要作用。地质聚合物是再利用所有含铝硅酸盐工业废料的最佳选择之一，也是混凝土应用的最佳替代材料。废木灰（WWA）在地质聚合物生产中与其他废料一起使用，存在于纸浆和造纸、木材燃烧工业设施以及燃木工厂中。另一方面，WWA制造业需要在农村地区购置大片土地，而一些行业使用焚烧炉燃烧木材废料，这会导致空气污染，这是一个严重的环境问题。本文综述了WWA目前作为地质聚合物混凝土和砂浆生产基础，与粉煤灰等其他矿物材料部分替代使用的情况。介绍了废木灰在建筑领域的使用情况，并评估了其在力学、耐久性和微观结构特性方面的发展趋势。总结了废木灰作为生态混凝土火山灰基料的影响。研究结果表明，将WWA掺入混凝土中有助于可持续发展和减少废物，因为WWA在填充作用中主要起填充料的作用，适量的WWA能为混凝土提供较高的抗压强度。必须对WWA来源对混凝土矿物学和性能的影响进行详细研究，以填补潜在的研究空白。
