Department of Gerontology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China.
Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022 Aug 8;2022:6742792. doi: 10.1155/2022/6742792. eCollection 2022.
Aging shows a decline in overall physical function, and cellular senescence is the powerful catalyst leading to aging. Considering that aging will be accompanied with the emergence of various aging-related diseases, research on new antiaging drugs is still valuable. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), as tools for intercellular communication, are important components of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and they can play pathological roles in the process of cellular senescence. In addition, EVs are similar to their original cells in functions. Therefore, EVs derived from pathological tissues or body fluids may be closely related to the progression of diseases and become potential biomarkers, while those from healthy cells may have therapeutic effects. Moreover, EVs are satisfactory drug carriers. At present, numerous studies have supported the idea that engineered EVs could improve drug targeting ability and utilization efficiency. Here, we summarize the characteristics of EVs and cellular senescence and focus on the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of EVs in various aging-related diseases, including Alzheimer disease, osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and its complications, and skin aging.
衰老是整体身体功能下降的表现，细胞衰老则是导致衰老的强大催化剂。鉴于衰老将伴随着各种与衰老相关疾病的出现，研究新的抗衰老药物仍然具有价值。细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 作为细胞间通讯的工具，是衰老相关分泌表型 (SASP) 的重要组成部分，它们在细胞衰老过程中可能发挥病理性作用。此外，EVs 在功能上与其原始细胞相似。因此，源自病理性组织或体液的 EVs 可能与疾病的进展密切相关，并成为潜在的生物标志物，而源自健康细胞的 EVs 可能具有治疗作用。此外，EVs 是令人满意的药物载体。目前，大量研究支持这样一种观点，即工程化的 EVs 可以提高药物的靶向能力和利用效率。在这里，我们总结了 EVs 和细胞衰老的特征，并重点介绍了 EVs 在各种与衰老相关的疾病中的诊断和治疗潜力，包括阿尔茨海默病、骨质疏松症、心血管疾病、糖尿病及其并发症和皮肤衰老。
