Cai Liyuan, Li Min, Zhou Shuyi, Zhu Xiaoyan, Zhang Xianghua, Xu Qingbiao
College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Metabolites. 2022 Aug 21;12(8):769. doi: 10.3390/metabo12080769.
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the exogenous gut microbiome at early life stages on the development of mice skeletal muscle in adulthood. First, the characteristics of skeletal muscle and the gut microbiota composition of the gut microbiota donors—Erhualian (EH) pigs (a native Chinese breed)—were studied. EH pigs had significantly higher fiber densities and thinner fiber diameters than Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire crossed (DLY) pigs (p < 0.05). The expression levels of genes related to oxidized muscle fibers, mitochondrial function, and glucose metabolism in the skeletal muscle of EH pigs were significantly higher than those in DLY pigs (p < 0.05). Moreover, the abundances of 8 gut microbial phyla and 35 genera correlated with the skeletal muscle fiber diameters and densities exhibited significant differences (p < 0.05) between EH and DLY pigs. Subsequently, newborn mice were treated with saline (CG) and fecal microbiota suspensions collected from EH pigs (AG), respectively, for 15 days, starting from the day of birth. In adulthood (60 days), the relative abundances of Parabacteroides, Sutterella, and Dehalobacterium were significantly higher in the feces of the AG mice than those of the CG mice. The microbes contribute to improved functions related to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. The weight, density, and gene expression related to the oxidized muscle fibers, mitochondrial function, and glucose metabolism of the AG group were significantly higher than those of the CG group (p < 0.05), whereas the fiber diameters in the skeletal muscle of the AG mice were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those of the CG mice. These results suggested that intervention with exogenous microbiota at early stages of life can affect the fiber size and energy metabolism of their skeletal muscle.
本研究的目的是调查生命早期阶段的外源性肠道微生物群对成年小鼠骨骼肌发育的影响。首先，研究了肠道微生物群供体——二花脸（EH）猪（中国本土品种）的骨骼肌特征和肠道微生物群组成。EH猪的纤维密度显著高于杜洛克×长白×大白杂交（DLY）猪，纤维直径更细（p<0.05）。EH猪骨骼肌中与氧化肌纤维、线粒体功能和葡萄糖代谢相关基因的表达水平显著高于DLY猪（p<0.05）。此外，与骨骼肌纤维直径和密度相关的8个肠道微生物门和35个属的丰度在EH猪和DLY猪之间存在显著差异（p<0.05）。随后，从出生当天开始，分别用生理盐水（CG）和从EH猪收集的粪便微生物群悬液（AG）处理新生小鼠15天。在成年期（60天），AG组小鼠粪便中副拟杆菌、萨特氏菌和脱卤杆菌的相对丰度显著高于CG组小鼠。这些微生物有助于改善与脂质和碳水化合物代谢相关的功能。AG组与氧化肌纤维、线粒体功能和葡萄糖代谢相关的体重、密度和基因表达显著高于CG组（p<0.05），而AG组小鼠骨骼肌中的纤维直径显著低于CG组（p<0.05）。这些结果表明，在生命早期阶段用外源性微生物群进行干预会影响其骨骼肌的纤维大小和能量代谢。
