Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Aug 12;19(16):9961. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19169961.
Pregnancy is a special period in a woman's life when her organism undergoes multiple physiological changes so that the fetus has optimal conditions for growth and development. These include modifications in the composition of the microbiome that occur between the first and third trimesters of pregnancy. There is an increase in Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium, and Firmicutes, which have been associated with an increase in the need for energy storage. The growth in Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria levels has a protective effect on both the mother and the fetus via proinflammatory mechanisms. The aim of the study is to review the research on the relationship between the mother's intestinal microbiome and gestational pathologies. Changes in the maternal gut microbiome is probably one of the mechanisms that occurs in various pregnancy diseases such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, gestational diabetes mellitus, excessive gestational weight gain, and premature birth. For this reason, it seems vital to pay attention to certain interventions that can benefit the affected patients both in the short term, by preventing complications during pregnancy, and in the long term, as one of the mechanisms occurring in various gestational diseases is dysbiosis of the maternal intestinal flora.
妊娠是女性生命中的一个特殊时期，在此期间，她的机体经历多种生理变化，以便为胎儿的生长和发育提供最佳条件。这些变化包括妊娠第一至第三 trimester 期间微生物组组成的改变。厚壁菌门、双歧杆菌属和Firmicutes 的数量增加，这与能量储存需求的增加有关。变形菌门和放线菌门水平的增长通过促炎机制对母亲和胎儿都具有保护作用。本研究旨在综述母亲肠道微生物组与妊娠病理之间的关系研究。孕产妇肠道微生物组的变化可能是子痫前期、胎儿生长受限、妊娠期糖尿病、过度妊娠体重增加和早产等各种妊娠疾病发生的机制之一。因此，关注某些干预措施似乎至关重要，这些措施可以在短期内通过预防妊娠并发症使受影响的患者受益，并且在长期内，因为孕产妇肠道菌群的生态失调是各种妊娠疾病发生的机制之一。
