Schreiberova Zuzana, Rehak Jiri, Babkova Barbora, Sin Martin, Rybarikova Martina, Paskova Barbora, Sinova Irena, Hubnerova Petra, Maluskova Miroslava, Maresova Klara, Karhanova Marta
Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Department of Ophthalmology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Military University Hospital Prague, Czech Republic.
Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2024 Mar;168(1):44-49. doi: 10.5507/bp.2022.036. Epub 2022 Aug 29.
Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are the most common risk factors (RFs) for retinal vein occlusion (RVO) development in general. The aim of this study was to identify the most frequent causes of RVO in patients under 50.
We retrospectively evaluated a group of patients with RVO under 50 years. The parameters of interest included age and sex, RVO type, presence of arterial hypertension (HT), hyperlipidaemia (HLD), diabetes mellitus (DM), congenital thrombophilic disorder (TD), obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS), thyroid eye disease (TED), use of hormone contraception (HC) or hormone replacement therapy (HRT), glaucoma and other potential RFs. Patients with central RVO (CRVO), hemi-central RVO (HRVO), branch RVO (BRVO), impending CRVO and combined arterial-venous (AV) occlusion were included.
The group consisted of 110 eyes of 103 patients. CV disease was the most common systemic abnormality. 55.3% patients had HT, 17.5% had HLD. TD was the third most frequent RF (12.6%). The cohort also included patients with DM (6.8%), glaucoma (6.8%) and women using HC/HRT (26.2% of female patients). There were isolated cases of RVO due to retinal vasculitis, intense exercise, antiphospholipid syndrome and COVID-19 pneumonia. None of the patients had OSAS, TED or a haemato-oncological disease. The etiology remained unexplained in 20.4% patients. No difference was observed in RF occurrence between patients with CRVO and HRVO and those with BRVO.
The most common systemic abnormality in our cohort was CV disease, especially HT and HLD. The risk factors for central, hemi-central and branch RVOs were similar.
一般而言，心血管（CV）疾病是视网膜静脉阻塞（RVO）发生的最常见风险因素（RFs）。本研究旨在确定50岁以下患者发生RVO的最常见原因。
我们回顾性评估了一组50岁以下的RVO患者。感兴趣的参数包括年龄和性别、RVO类型、动脉高血压（HT）、高脂血症（HLD）、糖尿病（DM）、先天性血栓形成倾向疾病（TD）、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）、甲状腺眼病（TED）、激素避孕（HC）或激素替代疗法（HRT）的使用情况、青光眼以及其他潜在的RFs。纳入了中心性RVO（CRVO）、半中心性RVO（HRVO）、分支性RVO（BRVO）、即将发生的CRVO和动静脉（AV）联合阻塞的患者。
该组包括103例患者的110只眼。CV疾病是最常见的全身异常。55.3%的患者患有HT，17.5%的患者患有HLD。TD是第三常见的RF（12.6%）。该队列中还包括DM患者（6.8%）、青光眼患者（6.8%）以及使用HC/HRT的女性患者（占女性患者的26.2%）。有因视网膜血管炎、剧烈运动、抗磷脂综合征和COVID-19肺炎导致RVO的孤立病例。没有患者患有OSAS、TED或血液肿瘤疾病。20.4%的患者病因仍不明。CRVO和HRVO患者与BRVO患者在RF发生情况上未观察到差异。
我们队列中最常见的全身异常是CV疾病，尤其是HT和HLD。中心性、半中心性和分支性RVO的风险因素相似。
