评估新冠疫情高峰期收治的新型冠状病毒肺炎患者特征：一项单中心研究。
Evaluating the characteristics of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted during COVID-19 peaks: A single-center study.
作者信息
Mousavi Seyede Faezeh, Ebrahimi Mohammadamin, Moghaddam Seyed Amirhosein Ahmadpour, Moafi Narges, Jafari Mahbobe, Tavakolian Ayoub, Heidary Mohsen
机构信息
Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
Emergency Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
出版信息
Vacunas. 2023 Jan-Mar;24(1):27-36. doi: 10.1016/j.vacun.2022.08.002. Epub 2022 Aug 30.
BACKGROUND
Nowadays, the world is facing a coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, elicited by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). At the time of studying, five COVID-19 waves occurred in Iran. We aimed to evaluate the characteristics of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to Vasei Hospital of Sabzevar, Iran during COVID-19 peaks.
METHODS
Clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, radiological findings, and underlying diseases of patients with COVID-19 were obtained from electronic medical records. Then, this information was compared in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection to the peaks of COVID-19.
RESULTS
The highest and lowest respiratory involvements were observed in the third (74.6%) and fourth (38.8%) peaks, respectively. The most common radiological finding in all peaks was ground-glass opacity (28.98%), followed by consolidation, which was the highest (14.6%) in peak three. The lymphocyte count decreased in all peaks. Its highest reduction (16.12) occurred in the third peak. The SpO2 was lower than normal range in all peaks, except for the second (90.77%) and fifth (91.06%) peaks. Dyspnea (52.36%) was the most and dizziness (1.26%) and sore throat (0.6%) were the least frequent symptoms. The mortality rates were 14. 4%, 18.2%, 23%, 9.02%, and 9.4% in the first to fifth peaks, respectively.
CONCLUSION
As different variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus were predominant in each wave, COVID-19 patients had different features in various peaks. The fifth wave of COVID-19 had the highest number of hospitalized patients, while the first peak had the lowest number. Perhaps, the significant increase in testing capacity in the fifth wave and its long time period are the reasons for this growth. Most of the clinical symptoms were similar in all peaks, but the incidence was different. As patients hospitalized in the third peak had the highest rate of underlying disease, it can be a reason for the increase in the death rate of patients. We did not observe any significant differences in laboratory tests among the patients during different peaks. Thus, we should be vigilant in continuously studying the characteristics of the disease, and be able to modify treatments rapidly if necessary.
背景
如今，世界正面临由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引发的冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行。在本研究开展时，伊朗已出现五波COVID-19疫情。我们旨在评估伊朗萨卜泽瓦尔瓦塞医院在COVID-19疫情高峰期收治的SARS-CoV-2感染患者的特征。
方法
从电子病历中获取COVID-19患者的临床表现、实验室检查结果、影像学检查结果及基础疾病。然后，将这些信息在SARS-CoV-2感染患者中与COVID-19各高峰期进行比较。
结果
在第三波（74.6%）和第四波（38.8%）高峰期分别观察到最高和最低的呼吸道受累情况。所有高峰期最常见的影像学表现为磨玻璃影（28.98%），其次为实变，在第三波高峰期实变发生率最高（14.6%）。所有高峰期淋巴细胞计数均下降。其最大降幅（16.12）出现在第三波高峰期。除第二波（90.77%）和第五波（91.06%）高峰期外，所有高峰期的血氧饱和度均低于正常范围。呼吸困难（52.36%）是最常见的症状，头晕（1.26%）和咽痛（0.6%）是最不常见的症状。第一至第五波高峰期的死亡率分别为14.4%、18.2%、23%、9.02%和9.4%。
结论
由于SARS-CoV-2病毒的不同变异株在每一波疫情中占主导地位，COVID-19患者在不同高峰期具有不同特征。COVID-19第五波疫情住院患者数量最多，而第一波高峰期患者数量最少。或许，第五波疫情检测能力的显著提高及其持续时间较长是导致这一增长的原因。所有高峰期的大多数临床症状相似，但发生率不同。由于在第三波高峰期住院的患者基础疾病发生率最高，这可能是患者死亡率上升的一个原因。我们未观察到不同高峰期患者在实验室检查方面有任何显著差异。因此，我们应持续警惕地研究该疾病的特征，并能够在必要时迅速调整治疗方案。
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