Swerdlow A J, Huttly S R, Smith P G
Br J Cancer. 1987 May;55(5):571-7. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1987.116.
In a case-control study of testis cancer 259 cases with testicular cancer, 238 controls treated at radiotherapy centres and 251 non-radiotherapy hospital in-patient controls were interviewed about some possible prenatal and familial risk factors for the tumour. For firstborn men, the risk of testis cancer increased significantly according to maternal age at the subject's birth, and this effect was most marked for seminoma. The association with maternal age was not apparent for cases other than firstborn. The risk of testis cancer was also significantly raised for men from small sibships and of early birth order. These results accord with the theory that raised maternal levels of available oestrogen during the early part of pregnancy are aetiological for testicular cancer in the son, although other explanations are possible; there is evidence that seminoma risk may particularly be affected.
在一项睾丸癌病例对照研究中，对259例睾丸癌患者、238例在放疗中心接受治疗的对照者以及251例非放疗医院住院对照者进行了访谈，询问了一些可能的产前和家族性肿瘤危险因素。对于头胎男性，睾丸癌风险随其出生时母亲年龄的增加而显著升高，这种效应在精原细胞瘤中最为明显。除头胎外的其他病例与母亲年龄的关联并不明显。来自小家庭且出生顺序靠前的男性患睾丸癌的风险也显著升高。这些结果与以下理论相符：妊娠早期母亲体内可利用雌激素水平升高是儿子患睾丸癌的病因，尽管也可能有其他解释；有证据表明精原细胞瘤风险可能尤其受到影响。
