人工重力部分保护果蝇的空间诱导神经缺陷。
Artificial gravity partially protects space-induced neurological deficits in Drosophila melanogaster.
机构信息
Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA; KBR, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA; COSMIAC Research Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA; KBR, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA; Universities Space Research Association, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA.
出版信息
Cell Rep. 2022 Sep 6;40(10):111279. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111279.
Spaceflight poses risks to the central nervous system (CNS), and understanding neurological responses is important for future missions. We report CNS changes in Drosophila aboard the International Space Station in response to spaceflight microgravity (SFμg) and artificially simulated Earth gravity (SF1g) via inflight centrifugation as a countermeasure. While inflight behavioral analyses of SFμg exhibit increased activity, postflight analysis displays significant climbing defects, highlighting the sensitivity of behavior to altered gravity. Multi-omics analysis shows alterations in metabolic, oxidative stress and synaptic transmission pathways in both SFμg and SF1g; however, neurological changes immediately postflight, including neuronal loss, glial cell count alterations, oxidative damage, and apoptosis, are seen only in SFμg. Additionally, progressive neuronal loss and a glial phenotype in SF1g and SFμg brains, with pronounced phenotypes in SFμg, are seen upon acclimation to Earth conditions. Overall, our results indicate that artificial gravity partially protects the CNS from the adverse effects of spaceflight.
航天飞行会对中枢神经系统（CNS）造成风险，了解神经系统的反应对于未来的任务很重要。我们通过飞行中的离心作用报告了国际空间站上果蝇中枢神经系统的变化，以应对空间微重力（SFμg）和人为模拟的地球重力（SF1g），这是一种对策。虽然 SFμg 的飞行行为分析显示活动增加，但飞行后的分析显示出明显的攀爬缺陷，突出了行为对改变重力的敏感性。多组学分析显示 SFμg 和 SF1g 中的代谢、氧化应激和突触传递途径都发生了改变；然而，只有在 SFμg 中才会立即观察到飞行后的神经变化，包括神经元损失、神经胶质细胞计数改变、氧化损伤和细胞凋亡。此外，在适应地球条件后，SF1g 和 SFμg 大脑中的神经元逐渐丧失和神经胶质表型，以及 SFμg 中的明显表型。总的来说，我们的结果表明，人工重力部分保护了中枢神经系统免受航天飞行的不利影响。
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