水蒸气蒸馏法和超临界 CO 萃取法提取樟科植物精油。
Extraction of Camphor Tree Essential Oil by Steam Distillation and Supercritical CO Extraction.
机构信息
College of Chemistry and Materials, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
National Forestry and Grassland Bureau Woody Spice (East China) Engineering Technology Research Center, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
出版信息
Molecules. 2022 Aug 24;27(17):5385. doi: 10.3390/molecules27175385.
The essential oil extracted from leaves is a mixture of volatile compounds, mainly terpenes, and is widely used in medicine, perfume and chemical industries. In this study, the extraction processes of essential oil from leaves by steam distillation and supercritical CO extraction were summarized and compared, and the camphor tree essential oil was detected by GC/MS. The extraction rate of essential oil extracted by steam distillation is less than 0.5%, while that of supercritical CO extraction is 4.63% at 25 MPa, 45 °C and 2.5 h. GC/MS identified 21 and 42 compounds, respectively. The content of alcohols in the essential oil is more than 35%, and that of terpenoids is more than 80%. The steam extraction method can extract volatile substances with a low boiling point and more esters and epoxides; The supercritical method is suitable for extracting weak polar substances with a high alcohol content. Supercritical CO extraction can selectively extract essential oil components and effectively prevent oxidation and the escape of heat sensitive substances.
从 叶中提取的精油是一种挥发性化合物的混合物，主要是萜烯，广泛应用于医药、香料和化学工业。本研究总结比较了水蒸气蒸馏和超临界 CO 萃取从 叶中提取精油的过程，并通过 GC/MS 检测了樟科树木精油。水蒸气蒸馏提取的精油提取率小于 0.5%，而在 25 MPa、45°C 和 2.5 h 下，超临界 CO 萃取的提取率为 4.63%。GC/MS 分别鉴定出 21 种和 42 种化合物。精油中醇的含量超过 35%，萜烯的含量超过 80%。水蒸气提取法可提取低沸点、更多酯类和环氧化物的挥发性物质；超临界法适用于提取高醇含量的弱极性物质。超临界 CO 萃取可以选择性地提取精油成分，并有效地防止热敏物质的氧化和逸出。
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