Department of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
Department of Ethnic Medicine, College of Ethnomedicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
Molecules. 2022 Aug 31;27(17):5628. doi: 10.3390/molecules27175628.
Vascular retinopathy is a pathological change in the retina caused by ocular or systemic vascular diseases that can lead to blurred vision and the risk of blindness. polysaccharides (LBPs) are extracted from the fruit of traditional Chinese medicine, . They have strong biological activities, including immune regulation, antioxidation, and neuroprotection, and have been shown to improve vision in numerous studies. At present, there is no systematic literature review of LBPs on vascular retinal prevention and treatment. We review the structural characterization and extraction methods of LBPs, focus on the mechanism and pharmacokinetics of LBPs in improving vascular retinopathy, and discuss the future clinical application and lack of work. LBPs are involved in the regulation of VEGF, Rho/ROCK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Nrf2/HO-1, AGEs/RAGE signaling pathways, which can alleviate the occurrence and development of vascular retinal diseases in an inflammatory response, oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and neuroprotection. LBPs are mainly absorbed by the small intestine and stomach and excreted through urine and feces. Their low bioavailability in vivo has led to the development of novel dosage forms, including multicompartment delivery systems and scaffolds. Data from the literature confirm the medicinal potential of LBPs as a new direction for the prevention and complementary treatment of vascular retinopathy.
血管性视网膜病变是由眼部或系统性血管疾病引起的视网膜病理改变，可导致视力模糊和失明风险。多糖（LBPs）从中药果实中提取。它们具有很强的生物活性，包括免疫调节、抗氧化和神经保护作用，并在大量研究中显示出改善视力的作用。目前，尚无关于 LBPs 预防和治疗血管性视网膜病变的系统文献综述。我们综述了 LBPs 的结构特征和提取方法，重点介绍了 LBPs 改善血管性视网膜病变的机制和药代动力学，并讨论了未来的临床应用和不足之处。LBPs 参与了 VEGF、Rho/ROCK、PI3K/Akt/mTOR、Nrf2/HO-1、AGEs/RAGE 信号通路的调节，可减轻血管性视网膜疾病在炎症反应、氧化应激、细胞凋亡、自噬和神经保护中的发生和发展。LBPs 主要在小肠和胃中被吸收，并通过尿液和粪便排出体外。其体内生物利用度低，导致新型剂型的开发，包括多室给药系统和支架。文献中的数据证实了 LBPs 作为血管性视网膜病变预防和辅助治疗的新方向的药用潜力。
