Medical Chronobiology Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115.
Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Sep 20;119(38):e2206348119. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2206348119. Epub 2022 Sep 12.
Shift workers have a 25 to 40% higher risk of depression and anxiety partly due to a misalignment between the central circadian clock and daily environmental/behavioral cycles that may negatively affect mood and emotional well-being. Hence, evidence-based circadian interventions are required to prevent mood vulnerability in shift work settings. We used a stringently controlled 14-d circadian paradigm to assess mood vulnerability during simulated night work with either daytime and nighttime or daytime-only eating as compared with simulated day work (baseline). Simulated night work with daytime and nighttime eating increased depression-like mood levels by 26.2% (-value adjusted using False Discovery Rates, FDR = 0.001; effect-size = 0.78) and anxiety-like mood levels by 16.1% (FDR = 0.001; effect-size = 0.47) compared to baseline, whereas this did not occur with simulated night work in the daytime-only eating group. Importantly, a larger degree of internal circadian misalignment was robustly associated with more depression-like ( = 0.77; = 0.001) and anxiety-like ( = 0.67; = 0.002) mood levels during simulated night work. These findings offer a proof-of-concept demonstration of an evidence-based meal timing intervention that may prevent mood vulnerability in shift work settings. Future studies are required to establish if changes in meal timing can prevent mood vulnerability in night workers.
轮班工作者患抑郁症和焦虑症的风险要高出 25%至 40%，部分原因是中央生物钟与日常环境/行为周期之间的不匹配，这可能会对情绪和情感健康产生负面影响。因此，需要基于证据的昼夜节律干预措施来预防轮班工作中的情绪脆弱性。我们使用严格控制的 14 天昼夜节律范式，评估了模拟夜间工作期间的情绪脆弱性，模拟夜间工作时分别采用白天和夜间进食或仅白天进食，与模拟白天工作（基线）进行比较。与基线相比，模拟夜间工作且白天和夜间进食会使抑郁样情绪水平增加 26.2%（经 False Discovery Rates（FDR）校正的 -值为 0.001；效应大小 = 0.78），焦虑样情绪水平增加 16.1%（FDR = 0.001；效应大小 = 0.47），而仅在白天进食的模拟夜间工作组则不会发生这种情况。重要的是，更大程度的内部昼夜节律不匹配与模拟夜间工作期间更严重的抑郁样情绪（ = 0.77； = 0.001）和焦虑样情绪（ = 0.67； = 0.002）水平密切相关。这些发现为基于证据的进餐时间干预措施可预防轮班工作中的情绪脆弱性提供了概念验证。需要进一步的研究来确定进餐时间的改变是否可以预防夜间工作者的情绪脆弱性。
