Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, Brazil.
Med Princ Pract. 2022;31(6):540-547. doi: 10.1159/000526777. Epub 2022 Sep 12.
The aim of the present study was to analyze the possible changes caused by the maternal ingestion of different types of fatty acids during pregnancy in the proinflammatory state in the odontogenesis of the fetuses.
Twenty-four jaws (n = 6 per group) of Wistar rats were collected on the 20th day of intrauterine life. Mothers were separated on the first day of pregnancy into 4 groups according to diet, as described below: control group (C) - diet with soy oil as a source of fat; saturated fatty acid group (S) - diet with lard in saturated fatty acids; trans-fatty acid group (T) - diet with vegetable fat, rich in trans-saturated fatty acids; and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) group - diet with fish oil, rich in PUFAs.
Microscopic analysis showed no alterations in tissue development of the teeth between the groups with different lipid diets (T, S, and PUFA) when compared to the control group (C); immunohistochemical analysis for the expression of JAK2, STAT3, P-STAT3, SOCS3, and IL-6 showed no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) compared to the control group. However, there were changes (p < 0.05) between the T group and the PUFA group in the expression of JAK2.
Thus, lipid consumption in the maternal diet remains a topic to be explored in embryonic development, despite not causing morphological changes to the tooth germ of rats.
本研究旨在分析孕期母体摄入不同类型脂肪酸对胎儿牙胚发生中促炎状态的可能影响。
在宫内生活的第 20 天收集了 24 个颌骨（每组 6 个）。根据饮食情况，将妊娠第 1 天的母亲分为 4 组，如下所述：对照组（C）-饮食中以大豆油为脂肪来源；饱和脂肪酸组（S）-饮食中含饱和脂肪酸的猪油；反式脂肪酸组（T）-饮食中富含反式饱和脂肪酸的植物油；多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）组-富含多不饱和脂肪酸的鱼油饮食。
与对照组（C）相比，不同脂质饮食（T、S 和 PUFA）组的牙齿组织发育无明显改变（T、S 和 PUFA）；免疫组织化学分析 JAK2、STAT3、P-STAT3、SOCS3 和 IL-6 的表达无统计学差异（p>0.05）与对照组相比。然而，在 JAK2 的表达方面，T 组和 PUFA 组之间存在变化（p<0.05）。
因此，尽管母体饮食中的脂质摄入不会导致大鼠牙胚发生形态变化，但仍需进一步探讨其对胚胎发育的影响。
