Jorge-Escudero Gabriella, Pérez Polanco Mariana, Lagerlöf Jan Erland, Pérez Carlos Alberto, Míguez Diana
Departamento de Sistemas Ambientales, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Garzón 780, Montevideo 12900, Uruguay.
Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7044, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
Toxics. 2022 Aug 23;10(9):488. doi: 10.3390/toxics10090488.
The ecosystem services provided by earthworms are lost when land management reduces their populations, hence, the importance of thorough assessments of management effects on this group. The present study aimed to: (1) review the possible influence of other ingredients within the formulations of two commercial fungicides; (2) assess the sublethal effects of these commercial fungicides on Eisenia fetida; and (3) assess the acute lethal effects of one commercial fungicide on both Glossoscolex rione and E. fetida. Examining all components of the studied commercial formulations revealed that alongside the toxic active ingredients are other ingredients that are equally as or more toxic than the former and may even be in higher concentrations. The inhibition concentration of 10% of E. fetida’s progeny (IC10) was estimated at 133 mg kg−1 for PROSARO® and 1544 mg kg−1 for SWING PLUS®. Both fungicides showed an effect of hormesis on the progeny. In this first toxicity study with G. rione, it was found that this species is more sensitive to PROSARO® than E. fetida, with preliminary 14 day-lethal concentrations of 285 mg kg−1 for the former and >1000 mg kg−1 for the latter.
当土地管理导致蚯蚓数量减少时，蚯蚓所提供的生态系统服务就会丧失，因此，全面评估管理措施对这一群体的影响至关重要。本研究旨在：(1) 回顾两种商业杀菌剂配方中其他成分可能产生的影响；(2) 评估这些商业杀菌剂对赤子爱胜蚓的亚致死效应；(3) 评估一种商业杀菌剂对里奥舌蛭和赤子爱胜蚓的急性致死效应。对所研究的商业配方的所有成分进行检查后发现，除了有毒活性成分外，其他成分的毒性与前者相当甚至更高，而且其浓度可能更高。对于PROSARO®，赤子爱胜蚓后代10%的抑制浓度（IC10）估计为133毫克/千克，对于SWING PLUS®则为1544毫克/千克。两种杀菌剂对后代均表现出 hormesis 效应。在首次对里奥舌蛭进行的毒性研究中发现，该物种对PROSARO®比赤子爱胜蚓更敏感，前者的初步14天致死浓度为285毫克/千克，后者则>1000毫克/千克。
