Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain.
Front Public Health. 2022 Sep 29;10:992706. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.992706. eCollection 2022.
The aging of population is leading to the investigation of new options to achieve healthy aging. One of these options is high-intensity interval training (HIIT), although its effects on body composition and muscle strength are currently unclear. The objective of this systematic review is to examine the scientific publications on the effects of HIIT on the body composition and muscle strength of middle-aged and older adults.
The search was carried out in the PubMed, Cochrane Plus, Web of Science, CINAHL and SciELO databases without limitation of publication dates. The literature search, data extraction and systematic review were performed following the PRISMA standards and the risk of bias of the selected studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk-of-Bias.
Initially 520 publications were identified, out of which a total of 8 articles were finally selected to be included in this systematic review. Improvements in body composition were seen in six of the selected items and an increase in muscle strength in seven of the eight. Regarding physical function, improvements were found in both gait speed and balance.
This systematic review found that HIIT is effective in improving body composition and increasing muscle strength. However, when comparing HIIT to moderate-intensity continuous training, it is not clear that HIIT is more beneficial; a firm conclusion cannot be drawn due to the scarcity of published studies, their variety in methodology and the ambiguity of their results, so it is suggested to carry out more research in this area.
人口老龄化促使人们探索新的选择，以实现健康老龄化。其中一种选择是高强度间歇训练（HIIT），尽管其对身体成分和肌肉力量的影响尚不清楚。本系统评价的目的是研究关于 HIIT 对中年和老年人身体成分和肌肉力量影响的科学文献。
本研究在 PubMed、Cochrane Plus、Web of Science、CINAHL 和 SciELO 数据库中进行了无时间限制的检索。文献检索、数据提取和系统评价均按照 PRISMA 标准进行，所选研究的偏倚风险使用 Cochrane 协作风险评估进行评估。
最初确定了 520 篇出版物，其中共有 8 篇最终被选入本系统评价。在所选的 8 篇论文中，有 6 篇显示身体成分得到改善，7 篇显示肌肉力量增强。在身体功能方面，步速和平衡能力都有改善。
本系统评价发现 HIIT 有效改善身体成分和增加肌肉力量。然而，当将 HIIT 与中等强度持续训练进行比较时，尚不清楚 HIIT 是否更有益；由于发表的研究数量有限、方法学的多样性以及结果的模糊性，无法得出明确的结论，因此建议在该领域开展更多的研究。
