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日本的 Hansen 病（麻风病），1947-2020：消除阶段的下降期的流行病学研究。

Hansen's disease (leprosy) in Japan, 1947-2020: an epidemiologic study during the declining phase to elimination.

机构信息

Department of Tropical Medicine, Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, USA; Department of Dermatology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.

Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.

出版信息

Int J Infect Dis. 2022 Dec;125:265-274. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.10.027. Epub 2022 Oct 22.

DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2022.10.027
PMID:36280096
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9798910/
Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Leprosy, or Hansen's disease was a major public health problem in Japan in the early 20th century. Today, the number of new cases has decreased significantly. We aimed to investigate the trends of leprosy in Japan over the past 73 years and the challenges faced in recent years.

METHODS

We assessed the data on newly registered cases of leprosy from 1947 to 2020.

RESULTS

A total of 10,796 newly registered cases of leprosy were reported during the study period, of which 7573 were registered in mainland Japan, 2962 in Okinawa, and 250 were of foreign origin. Most autochthonous cases were born before 1950 in mainland Japan and before 1975 in Okinawa. The number of nonautochthonous cases surpassed that of autochthonous cases in 1992. Nonautochthonous cases originated from 26 countries, particularly Brazil and the Philippines. Three cases of antimicrobial resistance have been detected among nonautochthonous cases since 2004.

CONCLUSION

Our data suggest that ongoing transmission of leprosy likely ceased in the 1940s in mainland Japan and in the 1970s in Okinawa. With the recent rise of nonautochthonous cases with globalization, continuous surveillance and efforts to maintain leprosy services within the country are necessary even after reaching the state of elimination.

摘要

目的

麻风病，又称汉森病，曾是 20 世纪初日本的一个主要公共卫生问题。如今，新发病例的数量已显著下降。本研究旨在调查过去 73 年日本麻风病的趋势及近年来所面临的挑战。

方法

我们评估了 1947 年至 2020 年新登记的麻风病例数据。

结果

研究期间共报告了 10796 例新登记的麻风病例，其中 7573 例来自日本本土，2962 例来自冲绳，250 例为外国来源。大多数本土病例出生于日本本土的 1950 年之前和冲绳的 1975 年之前。1992 年，非本土病例的数量超过了本土病例。非本土病例来自 26 个国家，主要是巴西和菲律宾。自 2004 年以来，在非本土病例中发现了 3 例抗微生物药物耐药病例。

结论

我们的数据表明，麻风病的传播可能在 20 世纪 40 年代在日本本土停止，在 20 世纪 70 年代在冲绳停止。随着全球化的发展，非本土病例最近有所增加，即使在达到消除状态后，仍需要持续监测并努力在国内维持麻风病服务。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/adb7/9798910/e3b13ac9b276/nihms-1858763-f0005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/adb7/9798910/9e2dae7631e0/nihms-1858763-f0001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/adb7/9798910/e3ad07dc82b2/nihms-1858763-f0002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/adb7/9798910/cd039e9000f5/nihms-1858763-f0003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/adb7/9798910/bb88f9a8415b/nihms-1858763-f0004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/adb7/9798910/e3b13ac9b276/nihms-1858763-f0005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/adb7/9798910/9e2dae7631e0/nihms-1858763-f0001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/adb7/9798910/e3ad07dc82b2/nihms-1858763-f0002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/adb7/9798910/cd039e9000f5/nihms-1858763-f0003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/adb7/9798910/bb88f9a8415b/nihms-1858763-f0004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/adb7/9798910/e3b13ac9b276/nihms-1858763-f0005.jpg

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