Danova Kalina, Motyka Vaclav, Trendafilova Antoaneta, Dobrev Petre I, Ivanova Viktorya, Aneva Ina
Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., bl.9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Oct 18;11(20):2753. doi: 10.3390/plants11202753.
Shoot cultures of hypericin non-producing L. (primitive section), hypericin-producing L., Fries (section ) and Vill. (the evolutionarily most advanced section in our study) were developed and investigated for their growth, development, hypericin content and endogenous phytohormone levels. Hypericins in wild-growing significantly exceeded those in and . also had the highest hypericin productivity in vitro in medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/L -benzyladenine and 0.1 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid and -the lowest one in all media modifications. In shoot culture conditions, the evolutionarily oldest had the highest content of salicylic acid and total jasmonates in some of its treatments, as well as dominance of the storage form of abscisic acid (ABA-glucose ester) and lowest cytokinin ribosides and cytokinin glucosides as compared with the other three species. In addition, the evolutionarily youngest was characterized by the highest total amount of cytokinin ribosides. Thus, both evolutionary development and the hypericin production capacity seemed to interact closely with the physiological parameters of the plant organism, such as endogenous phytohormones, leading to the possible hypothesis that hypericin productivity may have arisen in the evolution of as a means to adapt to environmental changes.
培育了金丝桃素非产生型贯叶连翘（原始组）、金丝桃素产生型贯叶连翘、弗里斯组贯叶连翘和维勒组贯叶连翘（在我们的研究中是进化上最先进的组）的茎尖培养物，并对其生长、发育、金丝桃素含量和内源植物激素水平进行了研究。野生贯叶连翘中的金丝桃素含量显著超过了贯叶连翘和贯叶连翘中的含量。在添加了0.2毫克/升苄基腺嘌呤和0.1毫克/升吲哚-3-丁酸的培养基中，贯叶连翘在体外也具有最高的金丝桃素生产率，并且在所有培养基变体中是最低的。在茎尖培养条件下，进化上最古老的贯叶连翘在某些处理中水杨酸和茉莉酸总量最高，与其他三个物种相比，脱落酸（ABA-葡萄糖酯）的储存形式占主导，细胞分裂素核糖苷和细胞分裂素葡萄糖苷含量最低。此外，进化上最年轻的贯叶连翘的特征是细胞分裂素核糖苷总量最高。因此，进化发育和金丝桃素生产能力似乎与植物有机体的生理参数（如内源植物激素）密切相关，这导致了一个可能的假设，即金丝桃素生产率可能在贯叶连翘的进化过程中作为适应环境变化的一种手段而出现。
