Department of Functional Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain.
Food Res Int. 2022 Dec;162(Pt A):111994. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111994. Epub 2022 Sep 30.
Extensive work has established the importance of the gut microbiota during the first years of life. However, there are few longitudinal studies describing the role of infants' diet on the evolution of the fecal microbiota and their metabolic activity during this stage. The aim of this work was to explore the impact of diet on the composition of the major intestinal microorganisms and their main microbial metabolites from birth to 12 months. This is a longitudinal prospective study of diet and fecal microbiota. Bacterial groups levels were determined by qPCR and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentrations by gas chromatography. Information from self-administered questionnaires about general characteristics and food frequency were obtained from a cohort of 83, Spanish and full-term, infants at 15, 90, 180 and 365 days of age. Results revealed that Enterobacteriaceae decrease in weaning period contrary to Bacteroides group and Clostridium cluster IV. CONCLUSION: our study supports weaning period as a key step for gut microbiota transition and suggests the importance of the consumption of dietary fiber with the increase of certain bacterial groups as Clostridium cluster IV, which could be beneficial for the host. Finally, studies specially designed to analyze the production and the excretion of SCFAs in children are needed to understand how diet could influence in this process.
大量研究已经证实了肠道微生物群在生命最初几年的重要性。然而，很少有纵向研究描述婴儿饮食对粪便微生物群在这一阶段的演变及其代谢活性的影响。本研究旨在探讨饮食对出生至 12 个月期间主要肠道微生物及其主要微生物代谢物组成的影响。这是一项关于饮食和粪便微生物群的前瞻性纵向研究。通过 qPCR 测定细菌群水平，通过气相色谱法测定短链脂肪酸（SCFA）浓度。从西班牙足月婴儿队列中获得了 83 名婴儿在 15、90、180 和 365 天龄时的一般特征和食物频率的自我管理问卷信息。结果表明，在断奶期间，肠杆菌科减少，而拟杆菌组和梭状芽胞杆菌 IV 簇增加。结论：我们的研究支持断奶期是肠道微生物群过渡的关键步骤，并表明增加某些细菌群（如梭状芽胞杆菌 IV 簇）的膳食纤维摄入的重要性，这对宿主可能是有益的。最后，需要专门设计研究来分析儿童中 SCFA 的产生和排泄，以了解饮食如何影响这一过程。
