Rasheed Adnan, Li Huijie, Tahir Majid M, Mahmood Athar, Nawaz Muhammad, Shah Adnan Noor, Aslam Muhammad Talha, Negm Sally, Moustafa Mahmoud, Hassan Muhammad Umair, Wu Ziming
Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
College of Humanity and Public Administration, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Nov 24;13:976179. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.976179. eCollection 2022.
Drought stress (DS) is a serious challenge for sustaining global crop production and food security. Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as an excellent tool to enhance crop production under current rapid climate change and increasing drought intensity. DS negatively affects plant growth, physiological and metabolic processes, and disturbs cellular membranes, nutrient and water uptake, photosynthetic apparatus, and antioxidant activities. The application of NPs protects the membranes, maintains water relationship, and enhances nutrient and water uptake, leading to an appreciable increase in plant growth under DS. NPs protect the photosynthetic apparatus and improve photosynthetic efficiency, accumulation of osmolytes, hormones, and phenolics, antioxidant activities, and gene expression, thus providing better resistance to plants against DS. In this review, we discuss the role of different metal-based NPs to mitigate DS in plants. We also highlighted various research gaps that should be filled in future research studies. This detailed review will be an excellent source of information for future researchers to adopt nanotechnology as an eco-friendly technique to improve drought tolerance.
干旱胁迫（DS）是维持全球作物产量和粮食安全面临的严峻挑战。在当前快速的气候变化和日益增加的干旱强度下，纳米颗粒（NPs）已成为提高作物产量的优良工具。干旱胁迫对植物生长、生理和代谢过程产生负面影响，并扰乱细胞膜、养分和水分吸收、光合机构以及抗氧化活性。纳米颗粒的应用可保护细胞膜、维持水分关系并增强养分和水分吸收，从而使干旱胁迫下的植物生长显著增加。纳米颗粒保护光合机构并提高光合效率、渗透调节物质、激素和酚类物质的积累、抗氧化活性以及基因表达，从而为植物提供更好的抗干旱胁迫能力。在本综述中，我们讨论了不同金属基纳米颗粒在减轻植物干旱胁迫方面的作用。我们还强调了未来研究中应填补的各种研究空白。这一详细综述将为未来研究人员采用纳米技术作为一种提高耐旱性的生态友好技术提供绝佳的信息来源。
