Zheng Qi, Kuai Le, Jiang Wencheng, Qiang Yan, Wei Lei, Chen Siting, Li Bin, Wang Ruiping
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Skin Diseases Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2022 Dec 15;15:2751-2762. doi: 10.2147/CCID.S393697. eCollection 2022.
Gender difference is prevalent in clinical feature, disease severity for noncommunicable diseases (NCD), but studies on gender disparity in clinical feature, disease severity and NCD comorbidity among psoriasis patients are limited. This cross-sectional study explores gender differences in clinical feature, lifestyle behavior and NCD comorbidity among psoriasis patients.
Psoriasis patients were recruited through cluster survey method in two hospitals, and questionnaire interviews were applied to collect the demographic feature, lifestyle habits, clinical feature and NCD among patients.
A total of 2102 psoriasis patients included 1332 males (63.4%), 70% were over 35 years old and approximately 50% of them were overweight or obesity. The median value for psoriasis initiation age and disease duration was 33 years old (34 for male and 32 for female) and 9 years (10 for male and 7 for female), respectively. The psoriasis recurrence was mainly in winter (73.4%) and autumn (34.2%) both for patients. The prevalence of tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking was 31.2% and 12.6%. Male patients had higher prevalence of tobacco smoking (odds ratio (OR) = 13.26, 95% confidence interval (CI): 9.54-18.44) and alcohol drinking (OR = 14.44, 95% CI: 7.90-26.40). The prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and metabolic syndrome were 13.2%, 28.5%, 23.4% and 21.5%, respectively. Male patients had higher prevalence of diabetes (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.16-2.02), hypertension (OR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.52-2.30), hyperlipidemia (OR = 2.34, 95% CI: 1.85-2.95) and metabolic syndrome (OR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.63-2.62) than female patients. The proportions for 4 types of NCDs diagnosed after psoriasis onset were over 58%, which were also higher in males than females.
Female patients had shorter disease duration and with less NCD, and male patients had more body weight issue, with fewer sleep time and higher prevalence of tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking and NCDs. We recommend that dermatologist should notice the gender disparity in psoriasis patients, which is helpful for the disease diagnosis and treatment.
性别差异在非传染性疾病（NCD）的临床特征和疾病严重程度中普遍存在，但关于银屑病患者临床特征、疾病严重程度和NCD共病的性别差异研究有限。这项横断面研究探讨了银屑病患者在临床特征、生活方式行为和NCD共病方面的性别差异。
通过整群抽样调查法在两家医院招募银屑病患者，并采用问卷调查收集患者的人口统计学特征、生活习惯、临床特征和NCD情况。
总共2102例银屑病患者中，男性1332例（63.4%），70%的患者年龄超过35岁，其中约50%超重或肥胖。银屑病发病年龄和病程的中位数分别为33岁（男性34岁，女性32岁）和9年（男性10年，女性7年）。患者的银屑病复发主要集中在冬季（73.4%）和秋季（34.2%）。吸烟和饮酒的患病率分别为31.2%和12.6%。男性患者吸烟（优势比（OR）=13.26，95%置信区间（CI）：9.54 - 18.44）和饮酒（OR = 14.44，95% CI：7.90 - 26.40）的患病率更高。糖尿病、高血压、高脂血症和代谢综合征的患病率分别为13.2%、28.5%、23.4%和21.5%。男性患者糖尿病（OR = 1.53，95% CI：1.16 - 2.02）、高血压（OR = 1.87，95% CI：1.52 - 2.30）、高脂血症（OR = 2.34，95% CI：1.85 - 2.95）和代谢综合征（OR = 2.06，95% CI：1.63 - 2.62）的患病率高于女性患者。银屑病发病后诊断出的4种NCD类型的比例超过58%，男性也高于女性。
女性患者病程较短且NCD较少，男性患者体重问题较多，睡眠时间较少，吸烟、饮酒及NCD的患病率较高。我们建议皮肤科医生应注意银屑病患者的性别差异，这有助于疾病的诊断和治疗。
