Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan.
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan.
Nutrients. 2022 Dec 8;14(24):5231. doi: 10.3390/nu14245231.
A high fiber diet (HFD) and dietary supplementation with acetate have been reported to have beneficial effects in a variety of diseases. We investigated the effects of a HFD and acetate supplementation on the gut microbiota and hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury (HALI) in mice. Mice were fed a control diet, HFD, or acetate supplementation for three weeks, and their gut microbiome composition, lung tissues, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were examined after exposure to ambient air or hyperoxia. Both the HFD and acetate supplementation modified the gut microbiota community and increased the proportion of acetate-producing bacteria in mice exposed to hyperoxia. The HFD and acetate supplementation also increased the abundance of and reduced gut dysbiosis according to the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. Compared with hyperoxia-exposed mice fed a control diet, both the HFD and acetate supplementation significantly increased the survival time while reducing the severity of pulmonary edema and the concentrations of protein and inflammatory mediators in BALF. Moreover, the HFD and acetate supplementation reduced the production of free radicals, attenuated NF-κB signaling activation, and decreased apoptosis in the lung tissues. Overall, this study indicates that a HFD or acetate supplementation reduces the severity of HALI through alterations in the gut microbiota to exert anti-inflammatory effects.
高纤维饮食（HFD）和乙酸盐的膳食补充已被报道在多种疾病中有有益的影响。我们研究了 HFD 和乙酸盐补充对肠道微生物群和高氧诱导的急性肺损伤（HALI）的影响。将小鼠用对照饮食、HFD 或乙酸盐补充喂养三周，然后在暴露于环境空气或高氧后检查其肠道微生物组组成、肺组织和支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）。HFD 和乙酸盐补充都改变了肠道微生物群的组成，并增加了高氧暴露小鼠中产生乙酸盐的细菌的比例。HFD 和乙酸盐补充还增加了 abundance 的丰度，根据厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门的比例减少了肠道菌群失调。与用对照饮食喂养的高氧暴露小鼠相比，HFD 和乙酸盐补充都显著增加了存活时间，同时降低了肺水肿的严重程度和 BALF 中蛋白质和炎症介质的浓度。此外，HFD 和乙酸盐补充减少了自由基的产生，减弱了 NF-κB 信号的激活，并减少了肺组织中的细胞凋亡。总的来说，这项研究表明，HFD 或乙酸盐补充通过改变肠道微生物群来减轻 HALI 的严重程度，从而发挥抗炎作用。
