School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
Molecules. 2023 Jan 6;28(2):612. doi: 10.3390/molecules28020612.
Many studies have shown that alterations in the gut microbiota are associated with hypertension. Our study aimed to observe the characteristics of the gut microbiota in hypertension and to further explore whether drug molecules can play a therapeutic role in hypertension by interfering with the gut microbiota. We evaluated the differences in the composition of the gut microbiota in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Meanwhile, three first-line cardiovascular disease (CVD) drugs, losartan, atorvastatin, and aspirin, were used to treat the SHR in order to observe their effects on the gut microbiota in SHR. The 16S rDNA results showed that the diversity and richness of the gut microbiota in SHR were significantly reduced compared with that of the WKY, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was increased, the abundances of and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria decreased, and the abundance of lactate-producing bacteria increased. In addition to lowering the blood pressure, losartan increased the abundances of , and in SHR, reduced the abundances of , and , reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and rebalanced the gut microbiota. Losartan also increased the abundances of and SCFAs-producing bacteria and reduced the abundance of lactate-producing bacteria. However, atorvastatin and aspirin had no significant effect on the gut microbiota in SHR. The above results showed that losartan could change the characteristics of the gut microbiota in hypertension and rebalance the gut microbiota, which may be related to lowering the blood pressure. Atorvastatin and aspirin have no significant influence on the gut microbiota in SHR.
许多研究表明，肠道微生物群的改变与高血压有关。本研究旨在观察高血压患者肠道微生物群的特征，并进一步探讨药物分子是否可以通过干扰肠道微生物群在高血压中发挥治疗作用。我们评估了自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）和 Wistar 京都大鼠（WKY）肠道微生物群组成的差异。同时，使用三种一线心血管疾病（CVD）药物，氯沙坦、阿托伐他汀和阿司匹林，治疗 SHR，观察它们对 SHR 肠道微生物群的影响。16S rDNA 结果表明，与 WKY 相比，SHR 肠道微生物群的多样性和丰富度显著降低，厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门比值增加，产生和短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的细菌丰度降低，产乳酸细菌的丰度增加。除了降低血压外，氯沙坦还增加了 SHR 中 、 和 的丰度，降低了 、 和 的丰度，降低了厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门比值，使肠道微生物群重新达到平衡。氯沙坦还增加了 和 SCFA 产生菌的丰度，降低了产乳酸细菌的丰度。然而，阿托伐他汀和阿司匹林对 SHR 肠道微生物群没有显著影响。上述结果表明，氯沙坦可以改变高血压患者肠道微生物群的特征并使其重新达到平衡，这可能与降低血压有关。阿托伐他汀和阿司匹林对 SHR 肠道微生物群没有显著影响。
