Division of Birth Defects and Infant Disorders, National Center On Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE MS S106-3, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA.
Eagle Global Scientific, LLC, 2835 Brandywine Rd, Suite 200, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2023 Mar;27(3):426-458. doi: 10.1007/s10995-023-03592-w. Epub 2023 Feb 8.
The objective of this systematic review is to describe polysubstance studies and their prevalence estimates among pregnant people in the US.
This review was not subject to protocol preparation or registration with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) because outcome data were not reported. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Checklist was followed. Four scientific literature databases were used to identify articles published from January 1, 2009 to June 3, 2020 reporting prenatal exposure to two or more substances in the US. A standardized process of title and abstract screening followed by a two-phase full-text review was used to assess study eligibility.
A total of 119 studies were included: 7 case-control studies, 7 clinical trials, 76 cohort studies, and 29 cross-sectional studies. Studies varied with respect to study design, time period, region, sampling and participant selection, substances assessed, and method of exposure ascertainment. Commonly reported polysubstance prevalence estimates among studies of pregnant people included combinations with alcohol, marijuana, and/or tobacco/nicotine. The range of prevalence estimates was wide (alcohol 1-99%; marijuana 3-95%; tobacco/nicotine 2-95%).
Polysubstance use during pregnancy is common, especially with alcohol, marijuana, and/or tobacco/nicotine. Future research to assess polysubstance use during pregnancy could help better describe patterns and ultimately help mitigate its effects on maternal and infant health outcomes.
本系统评价的目的是描述美国孕妇的多物质使用研究及其流行率估计。
由于未报告结局数据，本研究未按照国际前瞻性系统评价注册（PROSPERO）的方案进行准备或注册。本研究遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）清单。使用四个科学文献数据库，以确定 2009 年 1 月 1 日至 2020 年 6 月 3 日在美国发表的报告产前暴露于两种或多种物质的文章。采用标题和摘要筛选的标准化程序，然后进行两阶段全文审查，以评估研究的合格性。
共纳入 119 项研究：7 项病例对照研究、7 项临床试验、76 项队列研究和 29 项横断面研究。这些研究在研究设计、时间范围、地区、抽样和参与者选择、评估的物质以及暴露确定方法等方面存在差异。在对孕妇进行的多物质使用研究中，常见的报告流行率估计包括酒精、大麻和/或烟草/尼古丁的组合。流行率估计值的范围很广（酒精 1-99%；大麻 3-95%；烟草/尼古丁 2-95%）。
怀孕期间的多物质使用很常见，尤其是酒精、大麻和/或烟草/尼古丁。未来评估怀孕期间多物质使用的研究可以帮助更好地描述模式，并最终有助于减轻其对母婴健康结局的影响。
